Sensitivity to the subjective effects of amphetamine

The goal of this study was to identify SNPs associated with subjective, physiological, and behavioral responses to d-amphetamine. The study was double-blind and placebo-controlled. 381 healthy volunteers aged 18-35 years old received oral doses of d-amphetamine (10 and 20 mg) and placebo over the course of three different phenotyping sessions. A subset of subjects received a fourth dose of d-amphetamine (5 mg). Measures of subjective, cardiovascular and behavioral responses were obtained at regular intervals (pre-drug administration and 30, 60, 90, 150, and 180 minutes post-drug administration). The subjective measures included in the study were the Profile of Mood States (POMS), Drug Effects Questionnaire (DEQ) and Addiction Research Center Inventory (ARCI). Tasks included were the Digit Symbol Substitution (DSST) and Stop Task.]]>
Exclusion Criteria Past year Axis I Disorder, history of mania or psychosis, less than a high-school level education, smoking more than ten cigarettes per week, drinking more than three cups of coffee per day, lack of English fluency, a body mass index out of the range of 19-26 kg/m2, any regular prescription medication except oral contraceptive or medical contraindication to amphetamine administration. Women not taking oral contraceptives were only tested in the follicular phase of their menstrual cycle.]]>

本研究旨在识别与右旋苯丙胺（d-amphetamine）的主观、生理及行为反应相关的单核苷酸多态性（Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms, SNPs）。本研究采用双盲安慰剂对照设计，共纳入381名年龄18~35岁的健康志愿者，受试者于三次不同的表型分型评估阶段分别口服右旋苯丙胺（10mg、20mg）及安慰剂；其中部分受试者额外接受了5mg右旋苯丙胺的第四次给药。
研究人员于给药前及给药后30、60、90、150、180分钟的固定时间点，采集受试者的主观感受、心血管指标及行为反应数据。本次研究采用的主观评估工具包括心境状态量表（Profile of Mood States, POMS）、药物效应问卷（Drug Effects Questionnaire, DEQ）以及成瘾研究中心问卷（Addiction Research Center Inventory, ARCI）；认知任务则涵盖数字符号替换测验（Digit Symbol Substitution, DSST）与停止任务（Stop Task）。
本研究的排除标准如下：过去1年内存在轴I型精神障碍（Axis I Disorder）病史、躁狂或精神病发作史、高中以下教育水平、每周吸烟量超过10支、每日咖啡摄入量超过3杯、英语流利程度不足、体重指数（Body Mass Index, BMI）不在19~26 kg/m²范围内、除口服避孕药外需规律服用其他处方药物，或存在苯丙胺给药的医学禁忌证。未服用口服避孕药的女性仅可在月经周期的卵泡期参与测试。