Bio-logging SST and profile information from cormorants in the Arabian Gulf from November 2020 to September 2024

The dataset was created to include in-situ bio-logging SST observations in the Arabian Gulf from November 2020 to September 2024. A total of 863,451 dive profiles were recorded from November 2020 to September 2024. The last recorded data point at the end of each dive (i.e., while the bird was ascending) was extracted to represent the biologging in-situ SST. The vast majority of the profiles are located in the southern coastal region of the Gulf within the breeding distribution of Socotra Cormorants. As part of an ecological study to better understand the year-round movements of the endemic Socotra cormorants (Phalacrocorax nigrogularis), 65 bio-logging tags (Ornitela, Lithuania; models: OT-30DS-3GC (n=13), OT-30DT-3G (n=22), OT-25DT-3G (n=2), OT-25DT-3GC-S (n=8), OT-25DT-4GEC-S (n=20)) were deployed on birds at four colonies in the Arabian Gulf between November 2020 to 2023. All bio-logging device models were equipped with a Texas Instrument TMP117 external temperature sensor (TMP117, Texas Instruments, USA; ±0.1°C (maximum) from –20°C to +50°C). The bio-logging devices are programmed to detect when dives occur, and log pressure and temperature time series during each dive.本数据集收录了2020年11月至2024年9月期间阿拉伯湾的原位生物日志（bio-logging）海表面温度（Sea Surface Temperature, SST）观测数据。2020年11月至2024年9月期间，共记录到863451条潜水剖面数据。研究提取每次潜水结束时（即鸟类处于上升阶段）的最后一个记录数据点，以代表该原位生物日志式海表面温度的观测结果。绝大多数潜水剖面分布在阿拉伯湾南部沿海区域，该区域属于特有种索科特拉鸬鹚（Phalacrocorax nigrogularis）的繁殖分布范围。为开展一项生态学研究以更好地理解该特有种索科特拉鸬鹚的全年移动规律，研究团队于2020年11月至2023年间在阿拉伯湾的4个繁殖集群部署了65个生物日志标签（Ornitela，立陶宛；型号：OT-30DS-3GC（n=13）、OT-30DT-3G（n=22）、OT-25DT-3G（n=2）、OT-25DT-3GC-S（n=8）、OT-25DT-4GEC-S（n=20））。所有生物日志设备型号均搭载德州仪器（Texas Instruments, USA）TMP117外部温度传感器（TMP117，德州仪器，美国；测量范围为-20℃至+50℃，最大测量误差±0.1℃）。该生物日志设备被编程为可检测潜水事件，并记录每次潜水期间的压力与温度时间序列数据。