Perivascular macrophages proliferate in the CNS, but also contributed by bone-marrow precursors in response to cerebral ischemia

Immune response following CNS disease and injury comprises three different compartments, parenchymal, perivascular and blood involving specialized immune cells. Microglia are the major immune cell residing in the CNS parenchymal compartment but together with other macrophages which are residing in the non-parenchymal structures such as perivascular spaces, leptomeninges and choroid plexus constitute the total macrophage population of the CNS. While the homeostatic functions of these specialized macrophages in not very well understood, evidence shows that these macrophages at the blood-brain interface might involve immune-surveillance and establish a gate way for the recruitment of peripheral immune cells in to the CNS in response to the pathological stimuli. In humans and rats these macrophages identified exclusively by the high levels of scavenger receptor CD163 Overall design: RNAseq profilling of CD11b+CD163+ sorted cells after MCAO compared to CD11b+CD163+ sham cells

中枢神经系统（Central Nervous System，CNS）疾病与损伤后的免疫应答包含三个不同的区域：实质区、血管周区与血液区，各区域均涉及特化免疫细胞。小胶质细胞是CNS实质区内的主要免疫细胞，其与驻留于血管周间隙、软脑膜、脉络丛等非实质结构的其他巨噬细胞共同构成了CNS的全部巨噬细胞群体。尽管这类特化巨噬细胞的稳态功能尚未得到充分阐明，但已有研究证据表明，位于血脑界面的此类巨噬细胞可能参与免疫监视，并为病理性刺激下外周免疫细胞向CNS的募集构建了通路。在人类与大鼠体内，这类巨噬细胞可通过高表达清道夫受体CD163实现特异性鉴定。实验设计概要：对大脑中动脉闭塞（Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion，MCAO）模型后分选得到的CD11b+CD163+细胞开展RNA测序（RNAseq）分析，并与假手术组的CD11b+CD163+细胞进行对照比较。