Gender, Species Priorities, and Domestication in South and Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia

Tree domestication includes any activities that brings trees into wider cultivation to provide people food, building material, medicine, other tree products, or income from the sales of tree products. It may also positively influence the conservation of endangered species or the provision of environmental services. Research on tree domestication is not merely focused on integrating trees on to farm or community land, but also most consider socio-cultural-economic factors and institutional aspects that influenced the domestication process. Gender is an important factor in tree domestication that has not been sufficiently researched to date. Women and men have different set of knowledge, experiences, and strategies in addressing tree propagation, management, utilization and marketing. This study investigated gender roles on selecting priority species and its domestication of economically important species in South and Southeast Sulawesi. Women are keen to domesticate vegetables and other annual crops that contribute directly to household food security and nutrition. Women focus those domestication activities on land near the home. Men and women give priority to tree species with high economic value; the management of those species is a priority for men but shared by women. Identifying gender roles and knowledge related to tree domestication is important in the planning program on tree-based livelihood enhancement and sustain
able environmental management. The discussion will arrive on the issues how the domestication by including women has positive impact on women empowerment but in some cases will lead to burden

树木驯化（Tree Domestication）指所有将树木纳入规模化种植，以为人类提供食物、建筑材料、药材、其他林木产品，或通过售卖林木产品获取收入的活动。其亦可对濒危物种保护或环境服务供给产生积极影响。树木驯化相关研究不仅聚焦于将树木整合至农田或社区用地，还需充分考量影响驯化进程的社会文化、经济因素与制度层面内容。性别是树木驯化进程中的关键影响因素之一，但迄今相关研究仍未得到充分开展。男性与女性在树木繁育、经营管理、开发利用及市场营销等环节所拥有的知识体系、实践经验与应对策略均存在显著差异。本研究以苏拉威西岛南部与东南部地区为研究区域，探究了性别角色在优先遴选树种及具有重要经济价值的树种驯化工作中的作用。女性更倾向于驯化可直接助力家庭粮食安全与营养改善的蔬菜及其他一年生作物，且将此类驯化活动集中开展于住宅周边的土地。无论男性还是女性，均会优先选择经济价值较高的树种；此类树种的经营管理是男性的核心工作，但女性亦会共同参与。明确与树木驯化相关的性别角色与认知体系，对于制定以林木产业助力民生改善、实现环境可持续管理的规划方案具有重要意义。后续讨论将围绕相关议题展开：纳入女性参与树木驯化工作，既可为女性赋权带来积极影响，在部分情形下也可能为其带来负担。