Untitled ItemLonghorn beetles and predatory clerid beetles attracted to a blend of longhorn beetle pheromone compounds in a Central European oak forest (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae, Cleridae)

A blend of longhorn beetle pheromones was tested as a generic attractant for multiple longhorn beetle species in a Central European oak forest. Overall, 21 cerambycid species totalling 1,250 specimens were captured using two trap types. Panel traps captured more beetles than funnel traps. Significantly more adults of <em>Phymatodes testaceus</em> (L.) (Cerambycinae) and <em>Leiopus nebulosus</em> <em>nebulosus </em>(L.) (Lamiinae) were caught in baited traps compared to controls. Significant numbers of four other species were caught in panel traps but not funnel traps. For the cerambycine <em>Pyrrhidium sanguineum </em>(L.), significantly more beetles were caught in treatment traps than controls. For the cerambycine <em>Anaglyptus mysticus </em>(L.), and lepturines <em>Cortodera humeralis </em>(Schaller) and <em>Rhagium sycophanta </em>(Schrank), the numbers of beetles caught in treatment or control traps were similar, indicating no attraction to the lure blend. Adults of a predatory clerid beetle <em>Clerus mutillarius</em> F. were caught in significantly larger numbers by both baited trap types in comparison to controls, totalling 1,514 specimens. Antennae of both sexes of <em>C. mutillarius</em> showed significant responses to 3-hydroxyhexan-2-one and 2-methylbutan-1-ol compared to solvent controls, and antennae from males also responded significantly to <em>syn</em>-2,3-hexanediol. Strong attraction of <em>C. mutillarius</em> suggests eavesdropping on the pheromones of cerambycids and that such attractant baits, without traps, might be used to manipulate the local population density of predators in a push-pull biological control program targeting wood-boring insects.

本研究于中欧橡树林中开展试验，将一种天牛（longhorn beetle）信息素混合物作为广谱引诱剂，用于诱集多种天牛科（Cerambycidae）物种。本研究共使用两种诱捕器类型，累计诱获21种天牛科物种共计1250头标本；其中板式诱捕器（panel traps）的诱集量高于漏斗诱捕器（funnel traps）。与对照组相比，带引诱剂的诱捕器对<em>Phymatodes testaceus</em>（L.，天牛亚科（Cerambycinae））和<em>Leiopus nebulosus nebulosus</em>（L.，沟胫天牛亚科（Lamiinae））的成虫诱集量显著更高。另有4个物种仅在板式诱捕器中被诱集到显著数量的个体。对于天牛亚科的<em>Pyrrhidium sanguineum</em>（L.），处理组诱捕器的诱集量显著高于对照组。对于天牛亚科的<em>Anaglyptus mysticus</em>（L.）以及瘦天牛亚科（Lepturinae）的<em>Cortodera humeralis</em>（Schaller）和<em>Rhagium sycophanta</em>（Schrank），处理组与对照组诱捕器的诱集量无显著差异，表明该引诱剂混合物对这些物种无引诱活性。捕食性郭公甲（Cleridae）<em>Clerus mutillarius</em>（F.）的成虫在两种带引诱剂的诱捕器中的诱集量均显著高于对照组，共计诱获1514头标本。与溶剂对照组相比，<em>C. mutillarius</em>雌雄成虫的触角均对3-羟基-2-己酮（3-hydroxyhexan-2-one）和2-甲基-1-丁醇（2-methylbutan-1-ol）产生显著的电生理响应；雄性成虫的触角还对顺式-2,3-己二醇（<em>syn</em>-2,3-hexanediol）产生显著响应。<em>C. mutillarius</em>对该引诱剂的强烈趋性表明其存在窃听天牛信息素的行为，而这类无需配套诱捕器的引诱诱饵，可应用于以蛀干昆虫为防治对象的推拉式生物防治项目中，用于调控捕食性天敌的本地种群密度。