ARLiD: Atmospheric River Lifecycle Detection (scidata_v1)

Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are narrow streams of enhanced water vapor transport. While there is no accepted quantitative definition of ARs, integrated water vapor transport (IVT) is most commonly used to detect them. Nevertheless, narrow features of enhanced total precipitable water (TPW) are common signatures of ARs. Current AR tracking methods are generally limited to using either IVT or TPW separately, and many do not track the ARs globally through their life cycles. In this study, a global Atmospheric River Lifecycle Detection (ARLiD) method and 44-year database that incorporates both IVT and TPW is presented. The inclusion of TPW provides consistency in identifying entire lifecycle of ARs and reduces uncertainties due to small changes in wind. ADLiD extends the AR systems both equatorward and poleward of the IVT. The data are useful for studies that wish to include portions of the AR life cycle during which the AR, or portions of the AR, have a stronger signature in TPW than in IVT.大气河流（Atmospheric Rivers, ARs）是一类狭窄的强水汽输送通道。目前学界尚未形成公认的大气河流定量判定标准，其中整层水汽输送（Integrated Water Vapor Transport, IVT）是最为常用的检测指标。不过，总可降水量（Total Precipitable Water, TPW）的强信号窄特征亦是大气河流的典型识别标识。当前主流的大气河流追踪方法通常仅单独采用IVT或TPW单一指标，且多数无法实现全球尺度下大气河流的全生命周期追踪。本研究提出了一种融合IVT与TPW的全球大气河流生命周期检测（Atmospheric River Lifecycle Detection, ARLiD）方法，以及一套时长44年的配套数据集。该方法纳入TPW指标后，可实现大气河流全生命周期的一致性识别，并有效降低由风速小幅变化引发的识别不确定性。ARLiD方法可将大气河流系统的追踪范围拓展至IVT覆盖区域的向赤道侧与向极地侧。本数据集可服务于那些需要研究大气河流（或其局部区域）在TPW中的信号强度高于IVT的生命周期阶段的相关科研工作。