Auricularia auricula polysaccharides reduce obesity in mice through gut commensal Papillibacter cinnamivorans [liver]. Auricularia auricula polysaccharides reduce obesity in mice through gut commensal Papillibacter cinnamivorans [liver]

Auricularia auricula is a well-known traditional edible and medicinal fungus with high nutritional and pharmacological values, as well as metabolic and immunoregulatory properties. However, the exact mechanisms underlying the effects of Auricularia auricula polysaccharides (AAP) on obesity and related metabolic endpoints, including the role of the gut microbiota, remain insufficiently understood. To determine the mechanistic role of the gut microbiota in observed anti-obesogenic effects AAP, faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and pseudo germ-free mice model treated with antibiotics were also applied, together with 16S rRNA genomic-derived taxonomic profiling. HFD murine exposure to AAP thwarted weight-gains, reduced fat depositing, together with upregulating thermogenesis proteomic biomarkers within adipose tissue. These effects were associated with diminished intestine/bloodstream-borne lipid transportation, together with enhanced glucose tolerance. FMT administered in tandem with antibiotic treatment demonstrated the intestinal microbiota was necessary in deploying AAP anti-obesogenic functions. Intestine-dwelling microbial population assessments discovered AAP to enhance (in a selective manner) Papillibacter cinnamivorans, a commensal bacterium having reduced presence within HFD mice. Notably, HFD mice treated with oral formulations of Papillibacter cinnamivorans diminished obesity and was linked to decreased intestinal lipid transportation. Datasets from the present study show that AAP thwarted dietary-driven obesity and metabolism-based disorders through regulating intestinal lipid transportation, a mechanism that is dependent on the gut commensal Papillibacter cinnamivorans. These results indicated AAP and Papillibacter cinnamivorans as newly identified pre- and probiotics that could possibly serve as novel countermeasure against obesity. Overall design: Forty-five 6-week-old C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 3 groups (15 per group), namely control group (C group), high-fat diet group (HFD group), high-fat diet with gavage of Papillibacter cinnamivorans group (HB group), respectively.

木耳（Auricularia auricula）是享誉盛名的传统食药两用真菌，兼具极高营养价值与药用价值，同时具备代谢调节与免疫调控活性。然而，木耳多糖（Auricularia auricula polysaccharides, AAP）对抗肥胖及相关代谢终点的具体作用机制，尤其是肠道菌群所扮演的角色，仍未被充分阐明。
为阐明肠道菌群在AAP抗肥胖效应中的作用机制，本研究采用了粪便菌群移植（faecal microbiota transplantation, FMT）技术、抗生素处理构建的伪无菌小鼠模型，结合16S核糖体RNA（16S rRNA）基因组分类谱分析手段。
高脂饮食（high-fat diet, HFD）小鼠暴露于AAP后，体重增长受到抑制，脂肪沉积减少，同时脂肪组织内的产热蛋白质生物标志物表达上调。上述效应与肠道/血液脂质转运减弱及葡萄糖耐受改善密切相关。
联合抗生素处理的粪便菌群移植实验证实，肠道菌群是AAP发挥抗肥胖功能所必需的。
肠道菌群群落分析发现，AAP可选择性富集肉桂分解乳头杆菌（Papillibacter cinnamivorans）——一种在高脂饮食小鼠中丰度降低的共生细菌。
值得注意的是，经口服肉桂分解乳头杆菌干预的高脂饮食小鼠，其肥胖程度显著减轻，且该效应与肠道脂质转运降低相关。
本研究数据集表明，AAP可通过调节肠道脂质转运抑制膳食诱导的肥胖及代谢紊乱，该作用机制依赖于肠道共生菌肉桂分解乳头杆菌。
上述研究结果证实，AAP与肉桂分解乳头杆菌分别为新发现的益生元与益生菌，有望成为对抗肥胖的新型干预手段。
实验设计：将45只6周龄C57BL/6小鼠随机分为3组（每组15只），分别为对照组（C组）、高脂饮食组（HFD组）以及高脂饮食联合灌胃肉桂分解乳头杆菌组（HB组）。