Table_1_A systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions to decrease cyberbullying perpetration and victimization: An in-depth analysis within the Asia Pacific region.xlsx

BackgroundCyberbullying perpetration and victimization are prevalent issues in adolescent development and are a rising public health concern. Numerous interventions have been developed and implemented to decrease cyberbullying perpetration and victimization. Through an updated systematic review and meta-analysis, this study aimed to tackle a significant gap in the cyberbullying literature by addressing the need to empirically determine the effectiveness of programs with non-school-aged samples with a specific focus on studies conducted within the Asia-Pacific region.
MethodsA systematic literature review was conducted to identify intervention research to reduce cyberbullying perpetration and victimization published from January 1995 to February 2022. Ten electronic databases—Cambridge Journal Online, EBSCOHOST, ERIC, IEEE XPLORE, Oxford Journal Online, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, PubMed (Medline), Science Direct, Scopus, Springerlink—and a subsequent manual search were conducted. Detailed information was extracted, including the summary data that could be used to estimate effect sizes. The studies’ methodological quality was assessed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) quality assessment tool.
FindingsEleven studies were included in the review of the 2,540 studies identified through databases, and 114 additional records were discovered through citation searching. Only four studies were included in the meta-analysis, exploring game-based, skill-building, school-based, and whole-school interventions. The first meta-analysis pooled estimates from these four studies that assessed cyberbullying perpetration frequency using continuous data post-intervention. These studies reported data from 3,273 participants (intervention n = 1,802 and control n = 1,471). A small but not statistically significant improvement favoring the intervention group from pre- to post-intervention was shown by the pooled effect size, −0.04 (95% CI [−0.10,0.03], Z = 1.11, P = 0.27). The second meta-analysis included two qualified studies investigating cyberbullying victimization frequency using continuous data at post-intervention among 2,954 participants (intervention n = 1,623 and control n = 1,331). A very small but non-significant effect favoring the intervention group was discovered.
ConclusionThis research primarily highlights that the endeavor for cyberbullying intervention is still developing in the Asia-Pacific region, currently involving a limited set of stakeholders, settings, and delivery modes. Overall, meta-analyses of cyberbullying interventions conducted in the Asia Pacific found no significant effects in reducing cyberbullying perpetration and victimization.

背景：网络欺凌施暴与受害是青少年发展中的普遍问题，亦是日益受到关注的公共卫生议题。目前已有大量干预措施被开发并实施，以降低网络欺凌（cyberbullying）的施暴与受害发生率。本研究通过更新版系统综述（systematic review）与元分析（meta-analysis），旨在填补网络欺凌研究领域的重大空白：回应学界实证检验非学龄群体适用干预项目有效性的需求，并特别聚焦亚太地区开展的相关研究。
方法：本研究采用系统文献综述法，筛选1995年1月至2022年2月发表的、旨在降低网络欺凌施暴与受害的干预类研究。共检索10个电子数据库：剑桥期刊在线（Cambridge Journal Online）、EBSCOHOST、教育资源信息中心（ERIC）、IEEE XPLORE、牛津期刊在线、ProQuest学位论文库（ProQuest Dissertations and Theses）、PubMed（Medline）、Science Direct、Scopus、Springerlink，并随后开展人工检索。研究人员提取详细信息，包括可用于计算效应量（effect size）的汇总数据；并采用公共卫生实践效果项目（Effective Public Health Practice Project, EPHPP）质量评价工具，对纳入研究的方法学质量进行评估。
结果：本综述共检索到2540篇数据库文献，经筛选纳入11项研究，另通过引文检索发现114条相关记录。其中仅4项研究符合元分析纳入标准，涵盖基于游戏、技能培养、校本及全学校干预四类干预形式。第一项元分析合并了该4项研究的效应量估计值，这些研究采用干预后连续数据评估网络欺凌施暴频率，共纳入3273名参与者（干预组n=1802，对照组n=1471）。合并效应量为-0.04（95% CI [-0.10, 0.03]，Z=1.11，P=0.27），结果显示干预组相较于对照组，从基线至干预后仅存在小幅改善，但未达到统计学显著性。第二项元分析纳入2项合格研究，采用干预后连续数据评估网络欺凌受害频率，共纳入2954名参与者（干预组n=1623，对照组n=1331），结果显示干预组仅存在极小幅的效应量，同样未达到统计学显著性。
结论：本研究主要发现，亚太地区的网络欺凌干预实践仍处于发展阶段，当前涉及的利益相关方、实施场景与交付模式均较为有限。总体而言，针对亚太地区网络欺凌干预的元分析结果显示，现有干预措施在降低网络欺凌施暴与受害发生率方面未产生统计学显著性效果。