Data for: Change in the pattern of posttransplantation anemia in kidney receptors. Gender role in recipients and type of donor

Introduction: Posttransplant anemia (PTA) in kidney organ receptors is a complication that has repercussions mainly of cardiovascular consequence. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of anemia, as well as the relationship between gender in the kidney recipient and the kidney donor, in the presence or absence of anemia at 12 months’ post kidney transplant (KT).
Material and methods: Observational, longitudinal study of KT made over a 5-year period, from 2013 to 2017 in renal transplant unit from "La Raza" National Healthcare Medical Center. Three hundred twenty-eight records were analyzed. Hemoglobin (Hb) and the presence or absence of anemia according to the definition of the World Health Organization were analyzed; the association was determined between the gender of the kidney recipient and donor type (Living or deceased). For the analysis central tendency and dispersion were made, the mean difference was established with chi squared test or student’s t-test. For bivariate risk analysis was performed with significant p<0.05.
Results: The mean Hb before KT was 10.38 g / dL (SD ± 2.16); Hb at 12 months was 14.47 g / dL (SD ± 2.37) 4.09 absolute increase g / dL. Kidney organ male recipients a mean of 10.54 g Hb / dL (SD ± 2.17) at 12 months 15.33 g / dL (SD ± 2.25), Δ 4.79 g / dL; female recipients Hb 10.16 g / dL (SD ± 2.13) to 13.31 g / dL (2.01 ± DE), 3.15 g of Δ g/ dL Hb, the difference between genders was 1.64 g / dL at the end of 12 months. Patients with serum creatinine (Cr) <1.2 mg / dl and anemia were 16/152 (10.5%); patients with Cr≥1.2 mg / dL and anemia were 36/176 (20.5%), p 0.014. In the bivariate logistic regression with an OR of 2.047 (95% CI 1027-4078, p=0.042) for higher Cr levels and the presence of persistent anemia.
Conclusions: There is a prevalence of anemia in female kidney organ recipients and kidney organ recipients from deceased donors. There is a higher risk of persistent anemia in the case of patients with some degree of graft failure at 12 months.

Keywords: posttransplantation anemia, hemoglobin pattern post-transplant, gender, anemia pattern between type of donor in kidney transplantation

引言：肾移植受者的移植后贫血（Posttransplant anemia, PTA）是一种主要引发心血管不良结局的并发症。本研究旨在明确肾移植（Kidney Transplant, KT）术后12个月时贫血的患病率，以及肾移植受者与供者的性别和贫血发生与否之间的关联。
材料与方法：本研究为纵向观察性研究，纳入2013至2017年（共5年）于拉腊萨国家医疗中心肾脏移植科完成的肾移植病例，共分析328份病历资料。本研究检测受试者血红蛋白（Hemoglobin, Hb）水平，并按照世界卫生组织的贫血诊断标准判定贫血发生情况；分析肾移植受者性别与供者类型（活体供者或尸体供者）之间的关联。统计分析采用集中趋势与离散趋势指标，均值差异比较采用卡方检验或学生t检验；双变量风险分析以p<0.05作为显著性阈值。
结果：肾移植术前受试者的平均血红蛋白水平为10.38 g/dL（标准差（Standard Deviation, SD）±2.16）；术后12个月时平均血红蛋白水平为14.47 g/dL（SD±2.37），较术前绝对升高4.09 g/dL。男性肾移植受者术前平均血红蛋白水平为10.54 g/dL（SD±2.17），术后12个月时升至15.33 g/dL（SD±2.25），升高幅度Δ为4.79 g/dL；女性受者术前平均血红蛋白水平为10.16 g/dL（SD±2.13），术后12个月时为13.31 g/dL（SD±2.01），升高幅度Δ为3.15 g/dL，术后12个月时男女受者的血红蛋白水平差异为1.64 g/dL。血清肌酐（Serum Creatinine, Cr）<1.2 mg/dL且合并贫血的患者共16/152例，占比10.5%；Cr≥1.2 mg/dL且合并贫血的患者共36/176例，占比20.5%，组间差异具有统计学意义（p=0.014）。双变量logistic回归分析显示，肌酐水平升高与持续性贫血存在关联，比值比（Odds Ratio, OR）为2.047（95%置信区间（Confidence Interval, CI）：1.027~4.078，p=0.042）。
结论：女性肾移植受者以及尸体供肾的移植受者贫血患病率更高；术后12个月时存在不同程度移植物功能不全的患者，发生持续性贫血的风险显著升高。
关键词：移植后贫血、移植后血红蛋白模式、性别、肾移植供者类型相关贫血特征