Economic and Social Costs of Violence Against Women and Girls

To understand the impacts and costs of Violence Against Women and Girls (VAWG), the UK Department for International Development (DFID) has funded a project to investigate the social and economic costs of VAWG. Working in Pakistan, South Sudan and Ghana, the National University of Ireland, Galway with Ipsos-MORI and International Centre for Research on Women (ICRW) in collaboration with in-country partners has conducted research to estimate the economic losses caused by VAWG as well as the non-economic costs of violence that impact on economic growth, development, and social stability. Three surveys were done for the collection of data: Household survey, Women and Girls survey, and Business survey. Household Survey - this survey collects data about the general household (e.g. income and property ownership) and individuals within the household. It also acts as a means for safe selection of women to take part in the women’s survey. The data collected in the household survey provides important detail on socio-economic status, occupational distribution and other factors for examining economic and social impacts of VAWG. Individual Women and Girls Survey - the women and girls survey is the most intensive of the quantitative tools, gathering data on a comprehensive set of domains. Questions in the survey explored in detail the costs associated with experiences of VAWG. Questions in the survey are designed to produce a range of scales which will facilitate deeper analysis. Business Survey - Employees, both male and female, and managers were asked to complete the business survey. For male employees, the survey covers both their experiences of violence and also their perpetration of violence. For female employees, the survey covers their experience of violence. This is in addition to the questions on absenteeism and presenteeism due to IPV.

为了解针对妇女与女童的暴力行为（Violence Against Women and Girls, VAWG）所造成的影响与成本，英国国际发展部（UK Department for International Development, DFID）资助了一项旨在探究针对妇女与女童暴力行为社会与经济成本的研究项目。爱尔兰国立高威大学联合益普索·莫里（Ipsos-MORI）、国际妇女研究中心（International Centre for Research on Women, ICRW），并携手当地合作伙伴，在巴基斯坦、南苏丹与加纳开展了相关调研，旨在估算针对妇女与女童暴力行为引发的经济损失，以及对经济增长、发展与社会稳定造成影响的暴力非经济成本。本次调研共开展三类数据采集工作：家庭调查、妇女与女童调查以及企业调查。

家庭调查：该调查用于采集普通家庭（如收入与财产所有权情况）及家庭内个体的相关数据，同时可作为安全筛选参与妇女调查的女性受访者的渠道。家庭调查采集的数据，可为分析针对妇女与女童暴力行为的经济与社会影响提供社会经济地位、职业分布等关键细节信息。

妇女与女童调查：作为三类定量调研工具中内容最为详实的一项，该调查覆盖多维度领域的数据采集，问卷详细询问了与针对妇女与女童暴力行为经历相关的各类成本，并设计了多套量表以支撑后续深入分析。

企业调查：调研对象涵盖男女雇员与管理人员。针对男性雇员，问卷同时采集其遭受暴力的经历与实施暴力的行为相关信息；针对女性雇员，问卷仅收集其遭受暴力的经历。除此之外，问卷还设置了与亲密伴侣暴力（Intimate Partner Violence, IPV）导致的缺勤与在岗低效相关的问题。