dphase_hbv: hydrological model HBV runoff forecasts in the Rhine basin run by FOEN for the MAP D-PHASE project

Project: D-PHASE, Demonstration of Probabilistic Hydrological and Atmospheric Simulation of flood Events in the Alpine region - The Mesoscale Alpine Programme (MAP, the first WWRP Research and Development Project (RDP)) is an international research initiative devoted to the study of atmospheric and hydrological processes over mountainous terrain. It aims towards expanding our knowledge of weather and climate over complex topography, and thereby to improve current forecasting capabilities. A large-scale field phase in the Alpine region took place from 7 September to 15 November 1999. D-PHASE (Demonstration of Probabilistic Hydrological and Atmospheric Simulation of flood Events in the Alpine region) is a WWRP Forecast Demonstration Project (FDP) and aims at demonstrating some of the many achievements of MAP, in particular the ability of forecasting heavy precipitation and related flooding events in the Alpine region. The MAP FDP will address the entire forecasting chain ranging from limited-area ensemble forecasting, high-resolution atmospheric modelling(km-scale), hydrological modelling, and nowcasting to decision making by the end users, i.e., it is foreseen to set up an end-to-end forecasting system. The demonstration period of MAP D-PHASE will be 1 June to 30 November 2007. See also official homepage: http://www.map.meteoswiss.ch/map-doc/dphase/dphase_info.htm Please be aware of the common COPS/GOP/D-PHASE data policy, which you please find at http://cops.wdc-climate.de/ Summary: FOEN is using the Flood Early Warning System (FEWS) with the hydrological model HBV for operational flood forecasts in the swiss part of the Rhine basin. With respect to MAP D-PHASE FEWS has been extended to use COSMOCH2, COCH7COR, CLEPS and PEPS. COSMOCH7 and ECMWF have been used already before for operational flood forecasting. Forecasts are issued normally during working days from Monday to Friday with t0 at 05 UTC. Updating of HBV up to time t0 (normally at 05 UTC) is done with meteorological data from MeteoSwiss (ANETZ, 1h resolution) and hydrological data from FOEN for 60 subbasins. After t0 HBV is driven by the meteorological models mentioned above. Forecasts for 12 selected hydrological stations are provided for MAP D-Phase. For MAP D-Phase, the model update of HBV based on meteorological station data is compared with an update driven by radar precipitation. The initial states for the hydrological forecasts are always based on the update driven by meteorological station data. Data providers: Observed meteorology (1h-resolution): MeteoSwiss (ANETZ data, Areal radar precipitation) CLEPS, COSMOCH2, COSMOCH7, COCH7COR and ECMWF: MeteoSwiss PEPS: DWD Observed discharge and waterstage (1h-resolution): Swiss Federal Office for Environment FOEN, Landesanstalt fuer Umwelt, Messungen und Naturschutz Baden-Wuerttemberg LUBW (for german tributaries), Abteilung Wasserwirtschaft Vorarlberg (for austrian tributaries) Basins: Aare-Brugg, Aare-Murgenthal, Emme-Emmenmatt, Kleine Emme-Littau, Limmat-Baden, Reuss-Mellingen, Rhein-Basel, Rhein-Diepoldsau, Rhein-Rekingen, Rhein-Rheinfelden, Thur-Andelfingen, Thur-Halden

项目：D-PHASE（阿尔卑斯地区洪水事件概率水文与大气模拟演示项目，Demonstration of Probabilistic Hydrological and Atmospheric Simulation of flood Events in the Alpine region）。中尺度阿尔卑斯计划（Mesoscale Alpine Programme）是世界天气研究计划（World Weather Research Programme）的首个研发项目（Research and Development Project），是一项致力于山地地形大气与水文过程研究的国际科研倡议，旨在深化对复杂地形区天气与气候的认知，进而提升现有预报能力。1999年9月7日至11月15日，阿尔卑斯地区开展了大规模野外观测阶段工作。

D-PHASE作为世界天气研究计划的预报演示项目（Forecast Demonstration Project），旨在展示中尺度阿尔卑斯计划的多项研究成果，尤其是阿尔卑斯地区强降水及相关洪水事件的预报能力。中尺度阿尔卑斯计划的预报演示项目将覆盖完整的预报链条，涵盖有限区域集合预报、高分辨率大气模拟（公里级尺度）、水文模拟、临近预报，直至终端用户的决策制定，即计划构建一套端到端的预报系统。D-PHASE的演示周期为2007年6月1日至11月30日。官方主页详见：http://www.map.meteoswiss.ch/map-doc/dphase/dphase_info.htm。请注意通用的COPS/GOP/D-PHASE数据政策，详情见http://cops.wdc-climate.de/。

摘要：瑞士联邦环境办公室（"Federal Office for the Environment"）针对莱茵河流域瑞士段的业务化洪水预报，采用了耦合水文模型HBV的洪水预警系统（"Flood Early Warning System"）。针对D-PHASE项目，洪水预警系统已扩展支持COSMOCH2、COCH7COR、CLEPS及PEPS等模式。此前，COSMOCH7与欧洲中期天气预报中心（"European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts"）的预报产品已应用于业务化洪水预报。预报通常于工作日（周一至周五）发布，起报时刻（t0）为协调世界时05时。在t0时刻（通常为协调世界时05时）前，HBV模型的更新会使用瑞士联邦气象与气候局提供的1小时分辨率气象数据（ANETZ数据集），以及瑞士联邦环境办公室提供的60个子流域水文数据。t0时刻之后，HBV模型将由前文提及的气象模式驱动。本次D-PHASE项目为12个选定的水文站提供预报服务。针对D-PHASE项目，研究人员将对比基于气象站数据的HBV模型更新方案，与基于雷达降水数据的更新方案。水文预报的初始状态始终采用基于气象站数据的更新结果。

数据提供者：
1. 1小时分辨率观测气象数据（含区域雷达降水数据）：瑞士联邦气象与气候局（提供ANETZ数据集）
2. CLEPS、COSMOCH2、COSMOCH7、COCH7COR及欧洲中期天气预报中心模式数据：瑞士联邦气象与气候局
3. PEPS模式数据：德国国家气象局（"Deutscher Wetterdienst"）
4. 1小时分辨率观测流量与水位数据：瑞士联邦环境办公室、巴登-符腾堡州环境、测量与自然保护局（"Landesanstalt fuer Umwelt, Messungen und Naturschutz Baden-Wuerttemberg"，负责德国支流数据）、福拉尔贝格州水利部门（"Abteilung Wasserwirtschaft Vorarlberg"，负责奥地利支流数据）

流域范围：阿勒河-布鲁格站、阿勒河-穆尔根塔尔站、埃姆河-埃门马特站、小埃姆河-利陶站、利马特河-巴登站、罗伊斯河-梅林根站、莱茵河-巴塞尔站、莱茵河-迪波尔德绍站、莱茵河-雷金根站、莱茵河-莱茵费尔登站、图尔河-安德尔芬根站、图尔河-哈尔登站