IMOS - AusCPR: Zooplankton Abundance

The Australian Continuous Plankton Recorder (AusCPR) survey is a joint project between CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere (O&A) and the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD) to measure plankton communities as a guide to the health of Australia's oceans. The zooplankton analysis is conducted differently to that described in Richardson et al 2006 as it is counted off the silk in a bogorov tray. This is accomplished by rinsing the silks in water and straining through a 10 micron mesh sieve. The collected plankton is transferred to a bogorov tray and counted under a dissecting scope. This is done to retain the phytoplankton. After counting the zooplankton and phytoplankton are stored with the silk segment in PGP preservative. AusCPR decided to analyse the zooplankton this way as it provides a more accurate analysis of the zooplankton present. It is easy to miss zooplankton when it is still on the silk and it is harder to identify. The aims of the AusCPR survey are to: * map plankton biodiversity and distribution * develop the first long-term plankton baseline for Australian waters * document plankton changes in response to climate change * provide indices for fisheries management * detect harmful algal blooms * validate satellite remote sensing * initialise and test ecosystem models. Servicing and maintenance of the CPRs and analysis of the samples for the AusCPR survey will be carried out by staff based at the O&A CSIRO laboratories in Queensland and Hobart and at the AAD in Hobart. The project was funded by the Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS) and falls with the Ships of Opportunity facility. Data storage and access is planned to be interoperable with other national and international programs through the IMOS Infrastructure. Results from the AusCPR survey are available through the AODN portal: https://portal.aodn.org.au. This data is freely available but please acknowledge all relevant parties, as detailed in acknowledgement section. Additional information for this dataset may be available via the original MarLIN metadata entry: https://marlin.csiro.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/c1344e70-480e-0993-e044-00144f7bc0f4. For information on using the data please refer to the Richardson et al. 2006. It is advised that anyone using the data should read this methodology or contact the project contact person. The data are made available in binned products for ease of use. As taxonomy changes over time and the ability of analysts improves with training more and more species are able to be identified over time. The products account for these changes and for real absences from the samples. A 0 abundance means that the species was looked for and not seen, -999 means that the species was not looked for in that sample. The products are therefore applicable for use time series analysis. There are 6 files to choose from: Raw file (includes all data, including sex and stage); Copepod species file (includes all copepod data where species have been identified); Non copepod species file (includes all non copepod data where species have been identified); Genus file (includes all data binned to genus level); Higher taxonomic group (includes all data binned to functional groups); Derived CPR Indices. The raw product contains the same information as the raw "flat table" form, but the absences have been added in and the taxonomic changes have been accounted for, for ease of use. Note: the binned and pivoted products described are currently only available by contacting [e-mail]. The latest raw data can be downloaded in "flat table" form (separate row for each taxon in each sample) on Step 3. **All files are available in bio-volume instead of abundance on request.****This dataset has been superseded by the "IMOS - Zooplankton Abundance and Biomass Index (CPR)" collection that is available at https://catalogue-imos.aodn.org.au/geonetwork/srv/api/records/bf287dfe-9ce4-4969-9c59-51c39ea4d011 (this collection was removed from the AODN Portal in March 2022).**

澳大利亚连续浮游生物记录仪（Australian Continuous Plankton Recorder, AusCPR）调查是由CSIRO海洋与大气分部（Oceans and Atmosphere, O&A）与澳大利亚南极分部（Australian Antarctic Division, AAD）联合实施的项目，旨在通过监测浮游生物群落状况，表征澳大利亚海域的海洋健康水平。

本次调查的浮游动物分析流程与Richardson等人2006年的研究描述存在差异：分析在博格罗夫托盘（bogorov tray）的滤绢上完成。具体操作如下：将滤绢置于水中冲洗，随后通过10微米孔径的筛网过滤截留浮游生物；将收集得到的浮游生物转移至博格罗夫托盘，在体视显微镜下进行计数——该流程可完整保留浮游植物样本。完成计数后，浮游动物与浮游植物样本将与滤绢片段一同置于PGP保存液中储存。

AusCPR团队选择该分析方法开展浮游动物鉴定，可实现对目标浮游动物类群的更精准定量。相较于直接在滤绢表面计数，该方法可有效避免因浮游动物附着于滤绢而出现的漏检问题，同时提升物种识别精度。

AusCPR调查的核心目标包括：
* 绘制浮游生物多样性与空间分布图谱
* 构建澳大利亚海域首份长期浮游生物基准数据集
* 记录气候变化背景下的浮游生物群落动态变化
* 为渔业资源管理提供量化支撑指标
* 监测有害藻华暴发情况
* 验证卫星遥感观测结果
* 初始化并验证海洋生态系统模型

AusCPR调查的浮游生物记录仪维护、样品分析工作，将由位于昆士兰州与霍巴特的CSIRO海洋与大气分部实验室，以及霍巴特的澳大利亚南极分部的工作人员承担。本项目由集成海洋观测系统（Integrated Marine Observing System, IMOS）资助，纳入“机会船舶”设施（Ships of Opportunity facility）管理范畴。数据存储与共享将通过IMOS基础设施实现，与其他国家及国际相关项目保持互操作性。

AusCPR调查的相关成果可通过澳大利亚海洋数据网络（Australian Ocean Data Network, AODN）门户（https://portal.aodn.org.au）获取。该数据集免费开放使用，但请务必按照致谢章节的要求注明所有相关贡献方。本数据集的额外元数据信息可通过原MarLIN元数据条目获取：https://marlin.csiro.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/c1344e70-480e-0993-e044-00144f7bc0f4。

如需了解数据使用规范，请参阅Richardson等人2006年的研究文献。建议所有使用该数据集的用户先行研读该方法学文档，或直接联系项目联系人。

本数据集以分箱聚合产品形式发布，便于用户快速使用。由于分类学体系随时间迭代更新，且分析人员的识别能力随培训实践逐步提升，后续可识别的物种数量亦随之增加。上述分箱产品已适配分类学体系变更，并对样本中真实的物种缺失情况进行了标准化标注：丰度值为0代表该物种在样本中被检出但未发现个体，-999则代表该物种未在对应样本中开展检测。因此，该类产品适用于时间序列分析。

本次发布共包含6类文件：
1. 原始数据文件：涵盖全部检测数据，包括物种性别与发育阶段信息
2. 桡足类物种文件：包含所有已完成物种鉴定的桡足类数据
3. 非桡足类物种文件：包含所有已完成物种鉴定的非桡足类数据
4. 属级分类文件：所有数据均聚合至属级分类单元
5. 高级分类群组文件：所有数据均聚合至功能类群层面
6. 衍生CPR指数文件：基于原始数据计算得到的CPR衍生指数

原始数据产品与原始“扁平表”格式包含的信息完全一致，但已补充物种缺失标注并适配分类学体系变更，以提升使用便捷性。注意：上文提及的分箱聚合与转置产品目前仅可通过联系[e-mail]获取。最新的原始数据可于步骤3中以“扁平表”格式下载（每个样本中的每个分类单元对应独立行）。**所有文件均可按需提供生物量体积（而非丰度）格式数据。**

本数据集已被“IMOS-浮游动物丰度与生物量指数（CPR）”数据集取代，该新数据集可通过https://catalogue-imos.aodn.org.au/geonetwork/srv/api/records/bf287dfe-9ce4-4969-9c59-51c39ea4d011获取（本数据集已于2022年3月从AODN门户下架）。