Human in vivo nutrigenomic effect of olive oil. Homo sapiens

Olive oil is protective against risk factors for cardiovascular and cancer diseases. A nutrigenomic approach was performed to assess whether olive oil, the main fat of the Mediterranean diet modifies the gene expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Six healthy male volunteers ingested, at fasting state, 50 ml of olive oil, and continued with the same olive oil as a source of raw fat (25ml/day) during 3 weeks. Prior to intervention a 1-week washout period with sunflower oil as the only source of fat was followed. During the 3 days before, and on the intervention day, a very low phenolic compound diet was followed. At baseline (0h), at post ingestion (6h), and at fasting state after 3 weeks of sustained consumption of olive oil total RNA was isolated from PBMC. Gene expression was evaluated by microarray and verified by qRT-PCR. Keywords: Olive oil, gene expression, single dose, sustained consumption Overall design: Three pools of total RNA were prepared in triplicates (9 samples in total). Each pool refers to different time point of the study (0h-wash out, 6h postprandial and 3 weeks intervention). Pool at 0h serves as reference sample.

橄榄油可针对心血管疾病与癌症的风险因素发挥保护作用。本研究采用营养基因组学（nutrigenomics）方法，探究作为地中海膳食主要脂肪来源的橄榄油是否会改变人体外周血单个核细胞（peripheral blood mononuclear cells，PBMC）的基因表达。
6名健康男性志愿者在空腹状态下单次摄入50 mL橄榄油，随后连续3周以该橄榄油作为膳食脂肪来源（每日25 mL）。正式干预前，受试者需经历为期1周的洗脱期，仅以葵花籽油作为膳食脂肪的唯一来源。在干预前3天及干预当日，受试者需遵循极低酚类化合物膳食方案。
分别于基线时刻（0小时）、摄入后6小时，以及持续食用橄榄油3周后的空腹状态下，从PBMC中提取总RNA。采用微阵列芯片（microarray）评估基因表达水平，并通过实时定量逆转录聚合酶链式反应（quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR，qRT-PCR）进行验证。
关键词：橄榄油、基因表达、单次摄入、持续摄入
整体设计：本研究共制备3组总RNA混合样本，每组设置3次生物学重复（总计9个样本）。3组混合样本分别对应本研究的3个时间节点：0小时（洗脱期基线）、餐后6小时，以及3周干预结束后。其中0小时组混合样本作为参照样本。