Comparative study on the efficacy of non-steroidal, steroid and non-use of anti-inflammatory in the treatment of acute epidemic conjunctivitis

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the effects of prednisolone against sodium diclofenac both with ciprofloxacin compared to artificial tears on the symptoms and signs of acute viral conjunctivitis. Methods Study included 37 patients diagnosed with acute conjunctivitis and distributed by three groups: A (1% prednisolone acetate + ciprofloxacin (0.3%); B (Sodium diclofenac (0.1%) + ciprofloxacin (0.3%) and C (artificial tears + ciprofloxacin (0.3%). Patients received medication 6/6 hours daily. Signs and symptoms (e.g. lacrimation, burning, photophobia, etc.) were scored at baseline and on the first, third, fifth and seventh days and in the end of treatment using a standardized questionnaire and slit lamp anterior segment examination. Results All three groups demonstrated an improvement in the signs and symptoms of conjunctivitis in their follow-up visits. There was no significant difference in symptom and sign scores between Group A and B and B and C in the study visits ( p >0.05). However, the comparison between groups A and C showed a clinical trend (p=0.05) on third evaluation suggesting better clinical action using the corticosteroids. Conclusion The prednisolone acetate was not superior to the use of sodium diclofenac or artificial tears in relieving the signs and symptoms of viral conjunctivitis.摘要 目的 评估醋酸泼尼松龙（prednisolone acetate）联合环丙沙星（ciprofloxacin）、双氯芬酸钠（sodium diclofenac）联合环丙沙星，与人工泪液（artificial tears）联合环丙沙星，对急性病毒性结膜炎（acute viral conjunctivitis）症状与体征的影响。方法 本研究纳入37例确诊为急性结膜炎的患者，分为三组：A组（1%醋酸泼尼松龙+0.3%环丙沙星）、B组（0.1%双氯芬酸钠+0.3%环丙沙星）、C组（人工泪液+0.3%环丙沙星）。患者每日给药6次，每6小时1次。在基线期、给药第1、3、5、7天及治疗结束时，采用标准化问卷及裂隙灯（slit lamp）眼前节检查，对患者的症状与体征（如流泪、烧灼感、畏光等）进行评分。结果 所有三组患者在随访期间的结膜炎相关症状与体征均得到改善。A组与B组、B组与C组在各随访节点的症状及体征评分均无显著差异（p>0.05）。然而，A组与C组在第三次随访评估中展现出临床意义趋势（p=0.05），提示糖皮质激素治疗的临床效果更优。结论 醋酸泼尼松龙在缓解病毒性结膜炎的症状与体征方面，并不优于双氯芬酸钠或人工泪液。