CLiP Vanuatu Land Waste Audits and Interviews

This dataset contains 2 csv files. Solid_waste_audit_Vanuatu_Abundance.csv reports solid waste abundance and composition data from households and commercial activities expressed in number of items, weight or volume. Solid_waste_audit_Vanuatu_Metadata.csv reports the results of interviews done when solid waste samples were collected to gather metadata about household occupants social and behavioural metadata, including the fate of solid waste not collected through the official waste management service. Waste audits were conducted between November and December 2018 in Efate island (Port Vila, 50 samples; and the rural community of Black Sands, 35 samples), Espiritu Santo islands (Luganville and rural communities, 49 samples) and two outer islands: Lelepa (Efate, 61 samples) and Ifira (Efate, 10 samples). Commercial activities were also audited (30 in Port Vila; and 15 in Luganville). A READ-ME text file contains the description of columns content for the two csv files. The Commonwealth Litter Project (CLiP) supported Solomon Islands to take action on plastics entering the oceans. Currently 80% of marine litter is estimates to be originated on land and Cefas contracted Asia Pacific Waste Consultants to assess the land waste production rates and waste management performances. The sample collection was limited by the ease of collection of samples, the ability to transport samples, as well as the presence and absence of collection systems Commercial premises were divided into four major categories. The methodology remained the same for both households and commercial premises. Domestic waste samples were collected household by household to determine the waste generation and disposal rate per household. In areas with house-to-house collection system, each household was approached, and its rubbish bags/bins ready for disposal were requested just before it was being picked up by the waste trucks. In areas where waste bags are accumulated at collection points, some bags were collected at the time of disposal, while others were collected randomly from the pile or from the collection truck. Interviews were carried out at the households or commercial premises where a sample had been taken the previous day. In case of bags randomly picked up from collection point, an equal amount of interviews was carried out in the community. In areas with no collection system, each household was provided with a bag to use to dispose of their waste. Bags were retrieved after three days. Villagers were told not to dispose of any bulky waste or problem waste that they have been having trouble disposing of into the black bags. An interview was conducted with the member of the household depositing the bag. Interviews were conducted with all households where waste was collected. Most of the interviewing was undertaken in the evenings and early mornings or weekends. Local staff members were trained to undertake the interview. 99% of the households took part in the interview. All waste was collected in labelled plastic bags that were individually opened to sort their contents into categories. Separated materials were weighed on a set of electronic scales. Beverage containers were stored and counted separately. Containers were sorted by size, material (e.g. plastic, aluminium) and product type (e.g. milk, juice). Further, all plastic bags were sorted into different types of bags and all containers were further sorted by size, material type and product type. Cigarette butts, coffee cups and takeaway containers were also segregated. Data quality was checked at several stages by Asia Pacific Waste Consultants before submission of the final version of the dataset. Data were checked during entering for completeness and adjust possible errors. Anomalies were also investigated.

本数据集包含2个逗号分隔值（CSV）文件。《Solid_waste_audit_Vanuatu_Abundance.csv》记录了源自家庭及商业活动的固体废物丰度与组成数据，统计单位涵盖物品数量、重量或体积；《Solid_waste_audit_Vanuatu_Metadata.csv》则记录了采集固体废物样本时开展的访谈结果，用于收集住户受访者的社会与行为元数据，其中包括未通过官方废物管理服务收运的固体废物去向信息。本次固体废物审计于2018年11月至12月开展，覆盖区域包括埃法特岛（维拉港：50个样本；黑沙乡村社区：35个样本）、圣埃斯皮里图岛（卢甘维尔及周边乡村社区：49个样本）以及两座外岛——莱莱帕岛（埃法特辖域，61个样本）和伊菲拉岛（埃法特辖域，10个样本），同时审计了商业活动点位：维拉港30个、卢甘维尔15个。另有一份READ-ME文本文件，用于说明两个CSV文件的列字段含义。英联邦垃圾项目（Commonwealth Litter Project, CLiP）为所罗门群岛提供技术支持，以应对塑料垃圾入海问题；目前据估算，80%的海洋垃圾源自陆地，英国环境、渔业与水产科学中心（Cefas）已签约亚太废物顾问公司（Asia Pacific Waste Consultants），以评估陆地垃圾产生率及废物管理绩效水平。样本采集工作受限于样本获取便利性、样本运输能力，以及收运系统的存在与否。商业场所被划分为四大类别，家庭与商业场所的调查方法保持一致。家庭废物样本逐户采集，以测算每户的垃圾产生量与处置率：在实行户对户收运的区域，研究人员会在垃圾即将被环卫卡车收运前，联系受访家庭，获取其待处置的垃圾袋或垃圾桶；在垃圾袋装后集中放置于收集点的区域，部分样本在垃圾处置时采集，其余样本则从垃圾堆或收运卡车上随机选取。访谈于采集样本的次日在受访家庭或商业场所开展；若样本为从收集点随机选取的垃圾袋，则在对应社区开展等量访谈。在无收运系统的区域，研究人员会向每户提供专用垃圾袋用于处置垃圾，三天后回收该垃圾袋，并提前告知村民不得将此前难以处置的大件垃圾或疑难垃圾投入该垃圾袋，随后与投放垃圾袋的家庭成员开展访谈。所有采集了垃圾样本的家庭均需接受访谈，大部分访谈安排在晚间、清晨或周末开展，本地工作人员均经过专业访谈培训，参与访谈的家庭占比达99%。所有垃圾均装入贴有标签的塑料袋，随后逐一开封，将内容物按类别分拣；分拣后的物料使用电子台秤称重，饮料容器单独存放并计数，按尺寸、材质（如塑料、铝制）及产品类型（如牛奶、果汁）进行细分。此外，所有塑料袋按类型分类，所有容器进一步按尺寸、材质类型及产品类型细化分拣，烟头、咖啡杯及外卖容器亦需单独分拣。亚太废物顾问公司在提交数据集最终版本前，于多个阶段开展了数据质量核查：数据录入阶段将核查完整性并修正可能存在的错误，同时对异常值开展溯源调查。