Table_1_Development of the Korean Medicine Core Outcome Set for Facial Palsy: herbal medicine treatment of patients with facial palsy in primary clinics.DOCX

IntroductionFacial palsy (FP) significantly affects the quality of life of patients and poses a treatment challenge in primary healthcare settings. This study aimed to develop a Korean medicine (KM) core outcome set (COS) for FP, with a focus on evaluating the effectiveness of herbal medicine (HM) treatments in KM primary clinics.
MethodsOutcomes and effect modifiers related to FP treatments were initially identified through related review articles. Subsequently, experts in the field took part in three rounds of modified Delphi consensus exercises to refine and prioritize these outcomes and effect modifiers. Additionally, primary KM clinicians were involved in a Delphi consensus round to assess the suitability and feasibility of the proposed COS in real-world clinical settings.
ResultsThe initial review of related literature identified 44 relevant studies, resulting in an initial selection of 23 outcomes and 10 effect modifiers. The expert consensus process refined these to 8 key outcomes and 6 effect modifiers, which established the foundation of the COS-FP-KM. Subsequently, primary KM clinicians confirmed the practicality and applicability of the COS, endorsing its suitability for use in KM primary clinics.
ConclusionThe COS-FP-KM establishes a standardized approach for assessing HM treatment effectiveness in FP patients in KM primary clinics. The COS-FP-KM encourages consistent outcome reporting and enhances patient care quality. Future work should aim to integrate broader stakeholder perspectives to refine and validate the COS further.

引言：面神经麻痹（Facial Palsy，FP）会严重影响患者的生活质量，同时给基层医疗卫生机构的临床治疗带来挑战。本研究旨在针对FP开发一套韩医学（Korean Medicine，KM）核心结局集（Core Outcome Set，COS），重点用于评估韩医基层诊所中草药疗法（Herbal Medicine，HM）的治疗效果。
方法：首先通过相关综述文献，明确与FP治疗相关的结局指标及效应修饰因子。随后邀请该领域专家开展三轮改良德尔菲共识研讨，对上述指标进行优化并确定优先级。此外，还邀请韩医基层临床医师参与一轮德尔菲共识评估，以验证所提出的核心结局集在真实临床场景中的适用性与可行性。
结果：通过对相关文献的初步梳理，共检索到44项相关研究，由此初步筛选出23项结局指标与10项效应修饰因子。经专家共识流程优化后，最终确定8项关键结局指标与6项效应修饰因子，以此构建了FP-KM核心结局集（COS-FP-KM）。后续韩医基层临床医师确认了该核心结局集的实用性与适用性，认可其可应用于韩医基层临床诊疗工作。
结论：FP-KM核心结局集为韩医基层诊所中FP患者的草药疗法疗效评估提供了标准化方案。该核心结局集有助于统一临床结局报告标准，提升患者诊疗质量。后续研究可通过纳入更广泛的利益相关方视角，进一步优化并验证该核心结局集。