Predictive factors of abortion among teenagers with obstetric experience

ABSTRACT: Objective: To analyze the predictive factors of abortion among teenagers with gestational history. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out with 464 teenagers aged between 15 and 19 years, from Teresina, Piauí, who completed a pregnancy in the first quarter of 2006 in six city maternity hospitals. Data were collected from May to December 2008, at the teenagers' home, after their identification in the hospital records. For the univariate analysis of data, descriptive statistics was used, and for bivariate analysis, Pearson's χ2-test and Z-test were applied. Multivariate analysis was performed by means of the Multiple logistic regression (MLR), with significance level of 5%. Results: Teenagers who had more than one pregnancy were almost nine times more likely to have an abortion when compared to those who had only one pregnancy (p = 0.002). Furthermore, the teenagers who reported being pressured by the partner to have an abortion were four times and a half more likely to do it, when compared to those pressured by relatives and friends (p = 0.007). Conclusion: The teenagers who had two or more pregnancies and were pressured by the partner to have an abortion were more prone to do it. Thus, it is necessary that programs of Family Planning include the teenagers more effectively, aiming at avoiding unwanted pregnancies among this population and, consequently, abortion induced in poor conditions.

摘要：
研究目的：分析有妊娠史青少年的流产预测因素。
研究方法：本研究为横断面研究，纳入来自巴西皮奥伊州特雷西纳市的464名15至19岁青少年，该群体均于2006年第一季度在该市6家市级产科医院完成妊娠。研究人员于2008年5月至12月，通过医院档案确认研究对象身份后，在其家中完成数据收集。单因素分析采用描述性统计学方法；双因素分析采用Pearson卡方检验（Pearson's χ²-test）与Z检验；多因素分析采用多元逻辑回归（Multiple Logistic Regression, MLR），检验水准设定为5%。
研究结果：相较于仅经历过1次妊娠的青少年，有多次妊娠史者发生流产的风险约为其9倍（p=0.002）。此外，相较于被亲属或朋友施压的青少年，被伴侣施压要求流产者实施流产的风险高达4.5倍（p=0.007）。
研究结论：有2次及以上妊娠史且被伴侣施压要求流产的青少年，流产发生风险更高。据此，计划生育项目应更有效地覆盖青少年群体，旨在避免该人群发生非意愿妊娠，进而减少不良条件下的人工流产行为。