Influence of hesperidin and vitamin C on glycemic parameters, lipid profile, and DNA damage in rats treated with sucrose overload

ABSTRACT We evaluated the influence of hesperidin and vitamin C (VitC) on glycemic parameters, lipid profile, and DNA damage in male Wistar rats treated with sucrose overload. Rats were divided into six experimental groups: I-water control; II-sucrose control; III-hesperidin control; IV-VitC control; V-co-treatment of sucrose plus hesperidin; VI-co-treatment of sucrose plus VitC. We measured the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, fasting glucose, and glycated hemoglobin (A1C). DNA damage was evaluated in blood and brain cells using the comet assay and the micronucleus test was used to evaluate chromosomal damages in the rat bone marrow. Co-treatment with VitC, but not with hesperidin, normalized the serum glucose. No effect of co-treatments was observed on A1C. The co-treatment with VitC or hesperidin did not influence the lipid profile (p>0.05). Rats co-treated with hesperidin had a significantly lower DNA damage level in blood (p<0.05) and brain (p<0.05). Rats treated with VitC only, but not those co-treated with VitC plus sucrose, had significantly higher DNA damage in brain (p<0.05). No significant differences were observed in the results of micronucleus test (p>0.05). Hesperidin and VitC showed different effects on sucrose and DNA damage levels. While VitC lowered the serum glucose, hesperidin reduced the DNA damage.

摘要 本研究探讨了橙皮苷（hesperidin）与维生素C（VitC）对蔗糖负荷雄性Wistar大鼠（Wistar rats）的血糖参数、血脂谱及DNA损伤的影响。实验将大鼠分为6组：I组为纯水对照组；II组为蔗糖负荷对照组；III组为橙皮苷单独给药组；IV组为维生素C单独给药组；V组为蔗糖负荷联合橙皮苷给药组；VI组为蔗糖负荷联合维生素C给药组。本研究检测了血清甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）、空腹血糖及糖化血红蛋白（A1C）的水平；采用彗星实验（comet assay）检测大鼠血液与脑细胞的DNA损伤程度，采用微核实验（micronucleus test）评估大鼠骨髓的染色体损伤状况。结果表明：联合给予维生素C（而非橙皮苷）可使血清葡萄糖水平恢复至正常范围；联合给药对糖化血红蛋白无显著影响。无论联合给予维生素C还是橙皮苷，均未对血脂谱产生显著影响（p>0.05）。联合给予橙皮苷的大鼠，其血液及脑组织的DNA损伤水平均显著降低（p<0.05）；仅给予维生素C的大鼠脑组织DNA损伤水平显著升高（p<0.05），但蔗糖负荷联合维生素C给药组未出现该现象。微核实验结果未观察到显著组间差异（p>0.05）。橙皮苷与维生素C对蔗糖负荷相关指标及DNA损伤水平的影响存在差异：维生素C可降低血清葡萄糖水平，而橙皮苷则可减轻DNA损伤。