BICI-ULL: Bioclimatic indicators dataset for the orographically complex Canary Islands archipelago

BICI−ULL (Bioclimatic Indicators in the Canary Islands by the ULL−GOTA) includes 53 biovariables derived from monthly temperature, precipitation, radiation, humidity, and wind speed averages over different periods calculated through dynamic regionalisation models. This project aims to improve our understanding of climate and its impacts on small, isolated regions with diverse ecosystems, providing valuable insights for the scientific community.

The dataset can be found in the ‘Bioclimatic indicators’ folder. It consists of 795 files in NetCDF4 format with a grid cell resolution of 3×3 km, covering the region of the Canary Islands. The files represent 53 bioclimatic indicators calculated in 30-year intervals for the periods: 1980−2009, 2030−2059, and 2070−2099, under the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios RCPs 4.5 and 8.5, for future. The non-hydrostatic WRF model, with boundary conditions from three global models (GFDL−ESM2M, IPSL−CM5A−MR, and MIROC−ESM), was used to perform the simulations. The grid dimensions are (186×77), with a total of 14322 cell points. It covers a longitude range of 18.3◦W to 13.3◦W and a latitude range of 27.5◦N to 29.6◦N, although the biovariables are only computed for land cells. The files comply with the CF conventions for climate and forecast metadata designed to promote the processing and exchange of files created with the netCDF4 Application Programmer Interface. The names associated with each file follow the format: BIOx_model_rcp_yini_yend.nc

The raw data from which the biovariables are generated are also available in this repository, in the ‘Raw Data’ folder. These include the standard variables: Mean, maximum, and minimum temperature (TG, TX, TN), precipitation (PR), shortwave downwelling flux (SR), relative humidity (RH), and wind speed (WS). Each file contains 12 timesteps, one for each month (January, February, …). The content of the variables is the mean over the 30-year periods. A specific bias adjustment technique known as the Scaled Distribution Mapping (SDM) algorithm, designed to preserve trends, was used (Switanek et al., 2017). File names follow the format: model_yini_yend_rcp_variable.nc

x represents the number of the climatic indicator

model makes reference to the driving Global Circulation Model used for the regionalsation simulations. It can be GFDL, IPSL, or MIROC.

rcp indicates the forcing scenario, RCP 4.5 or RCP 8.5, or it will be defined as ‘HIST’ in the case of the historical period.

yind and yend represent the years of the period, with ini identifying the first year of the period and end identifying the last year.

variable refers to the standard variable, which can be TG, TX, TN, PR, SR, RH, WS

The main folders contain, in turn, subfolders corresponding to each driving global model, and to the respective period and scenario.

The definition of the 53 BICI-ULL bioindicators have been also summarised in the BICI-ULL_bioindicators_definitions.pdf file.

BICI-ULL（基于ULL-GOTA项目的加那利群岛生物气候指标数据集）包含53个生物气候变量，这些变量基于不同时段的月均气温、降水量、辐射量、湿度及风速数据，通过动态区域化模型计算得到。本项目旨在加深对气候及其对拥有多样生态系统的小型孤立区域的影响的认知，为科学界提供有价值的研究参考。

数据集存储于"生物气候指标"文件夹中。该数据集包含795个NetCDF4格式文件，网格分辨率为3×3千米，覆盖加那利群岛全域。这些文件涵盖53个生物气候指标，以30年为时间间隔进行计算，时段分别为1980−2009、2030−2059及2070−2099，未来时段采用典型浓度路径（Representative Concentration Pathway, RCP）4.5与8.5情景。模拟采用非静力WRF（Weather Research and Forecasting）模型，其边界条件来自三个全球环流模型：GFDL−ESM2M、IPSL−CM5A−MR及MIROC−ESM。网格维度为186×77，总计14322个网格单元。数据集覆盖的经度范围为18.3°W至13.3°W，纬度范围为27.5°N至29.6°N，但生物气候变量仅针对陆地区域网格进行计算。所有文件均符合CF（Climate and Forecast）气候与预报元数据规范，该规范旨在促进基于NetCDF4应用程序编程接口生成的文件的处理与交换。单个文件的命名遵循以下格式：BIOx_model_rcp_yini_yend.nc

生成生物气候变量的原始数据同样存储于本仓库的"原始数据"文件夹中。原始数据包含以下标准变量：平均气温（TG）、最高气温（TX）、最低气温（TN）、降水量（PR）、短波向下辐射通量（SR）、相对湿度（RH）及风速（WS）。每个原始数据文件包含12个时间步长，分别对应1至12月。变量的数值为对应30年时段的平均值。本数据集采用了一种名为缩放分布映射（Scaled Distribution Mapping, SDM）算法的偏差校正技术，该技术可保留气候趋势（Switanek等，2017）。原始数据文件的命名遵循以下格式：model_yini_yend_rcp_variable.nc

x为气候指标的编号。
model指代用于区域化模拟的驱动全球环流模型，可选值为GFDL、IPSL或MIROC。
rcp代表强迫情景，可选值为RCP 4.5、RCP 8.5；若为历史时段，则记为'HIST'。
yini与yend分别代表时段的起始年份与结束年份。
variable指代标准气象变量，可选值为TG、TX、TN、PR、SR、RH及WS。

主文件夹下依次包含对应各驱动全球环流模型、时段及情景的子文件夹。

53个BICI-ULL生物气候指标的定义已汇总至BICI-ULL_bioindicators_definitions.pdf文件中。