Snow On Antarctic Sea Ice - McMurdoSound 2022 - UAV Retrievals of Snow Topography and Snow Surface Temperature

This dataset accompanies the publication "How Flat is Flat? Investigating the spatial variability of snow surface temperature and roughness on landfast sea ice using UAVs in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica".
The dataset consists of 1) processed orthomosaic of RGB values, snow topography (digital elevation model), and surface temperature, 2) topography-dependent irradiance map, and 3) point data of measured radiation and atmospheric parameters in the McMurdo Sound, October-December 2022. The data was collected as part of the New Zealand Marsden Fund Research Grant 21-VUW-103 "Can Snow Change the Fate of Antarctic Sea Ice?". Unprocessed data associated with this field campaign are published in 10.16904/envidat.633.
For the airborne measurements, we used a DJI Matrice 30T, a multi-rotor (quadcopter) UAV with self-heating batteries, suitable for operations in polar conditions (temperature range from -20 to +50 °C). The UAV has a wide-angle camera (12 megapixels) for RGB images and a thermal camera (Uncooled Vox Microbolometer, long-wave infrared spectrum 8-14 µm, 1.31 megapixels) for TIR images with an accuracy of ±2 °C or ± 2 %.
GNSS data includes high-precision location information (latitude, longitude, ellipsoidal height, receiver clock offset, and timestamps formatted in decimal hours and day-of-year notation).
WE calculated the distribution of received solar irradiance over the sea-ice surface using a terrain-corrected radiative transfer model and measured shortwave radiation components, accounting for surface roughness, aspect, slope, and solar position during the flight, while applying terrain shading and measured diffuse radiation.
The broadband radiation station data consists of shortwave (Sw) and longwave (Lw) radiation measurements (Kipp & Zonen CMP22 pyranometers and CGR4 pyrgeometers).
Surface temperature readings from cold, sediment, and hot targets were recorded using Apogee SI-121-SS sensors.
This dataset also contains automated weather station (AWS) data (air and snow surface temperatures, relative humidity, wind direction, and wind speed).
For detailed information, please use the README file.

本数据集配套发表于论文《How Flat is Flat? 利用无人机（UAV）探究南极麦克默多湾（McMurdo Sound）固定海冰（landfast sea ice）表面雪面温度与粗糙度的空间变异性》。
本数据集包含三部分内容：1）经过处理的RGB正射影像、雪面地形（数字高程模型，digital elevation model）与地表温度数据；2）地形相关辐照度图；3）2022年10月至12月在麦克默多湾采集的辐射与大气参数实测点数据。
该数据隶属于新西兰马斯登基金（New Zealand Marsden Fund）研究项目21-VUW-103《雪会改变南极海冰的命运吗？》。本次野外作业的未处理数据已发表于DOI：10.16904/envidat.633。
本次机载测量采用DJI Matrice 30T多旋翼（四旋翼）无人机，其搭载可自加热电池，适配极地作业环境（工作温度范围为-20℃至+50℃）。该无人机配备1200万像素广角RGB相机，以及精度达±2℃或±2%、分辨率为1.31百万像素的长波红外（long-wave infrared spectrum，8~14μm）非制冷氧化钒微测热辐射计（Uncooled Vox Microbolometer）热成像相机，用于获取热红外（TIR）影像。
全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）数据包含高精度位置信息，具体涵盖纬度、经度、椭球高、接收机时钟偏移，以及采用十进制小时与年积日格式标注的时间戳。
本研究借助经地形校正的辐射传输模型（radiative transfer model）与实测短波辐射分量，同时考虑地表粗糙度、坡向、坡度及飞行期间的太阳位置，叠加地形阴影与实测漫射辐射，计算得到海冰表面接收的太阳辐照度分布。
宽带辐射站数据包含短波（Sw）与长波（Lw）辐射测量结果，所用设备为Kipp & Zonen CMP22总辐射表与CGR4长波辐射计。
采用Apogee SI-121-SS传感器记录冷靶、沉积物靶与热靶的地表温度读数。
本数据集还包含自动气象站（AWS）数据，具体包括气温、雪面温度、相对湿度、风向与风速。
如需获取详细信息，请参阅README文件。