Search strategy in PubMed.

Introduction
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), a widely prevalent complication in patients with type 2 diabetes, exerts a significant influence on patients’ overall health and financial circumstances. Photobiomodulation therapy is one of the means of physical therapy for DPN. Although preliminary findings suggest the efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy in alleviating peripheral neuropathy, the existing literature lacks substantial evidence regarding its safety and effectiveness specifically in the context of diabetes-related peripheral neuropathy. Therefore, we plan to arrive at more distinct findings through systematic evaluation and meta-analysis.
Methods
We will conduct a comprehensive search for studies published from the beginning until October 1, 2023, using various databases including Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, AMED, Wanfang database, VIP database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature database. Simultaneously, we will also search for the WHO International Clinical Trial Registration Platform, China Clinical Trial Registration Platform, and Clinical Trials.gov. Gray literature will be retrieved using Google Scholar and opengrey.edu. Only randomized controlled trials in Chinese and English were included, with no restrictions on publication status. The primary outcomes will include change of symptom scores, change of nerve conduction velocity. Additional outcomes will encompass quality of life, change in pain, blood glucose levels after fasting and 2 hours after eating, levels of glycosylated hemoglobin, and any adverse events associated with photobiomodulation therapy. Reman V.5.4 and R language will be used for the meta-analysis. Assessment of potential bias will be conducted through Cochrane risk of bias 2 tool (RoB 2.0) and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. Registration: PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42023466586).
Discussion
This meta-analysis aims to assess the efficacy and safety of photobiomodulation therapy as a potential treatment for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and providing a straightforward and convenient therapeutic for patients. Additionally, it expands the range of treatment alternatives available to healthcare professionals managing DPN.

引言
糖尿病周围神经病变（Diabetic peripheral neuropathy, DPN）是2型糖尿病患者中广为流行的并发症，对患者的整体健康与经济状况均造成显著负面影响。光生物调节疗法（photobiomodulation therapy）是针对DPN的物理治疗手段之一。尽管初步研究结果显示该疗法在缓解周围神经病变方面具有一定疗效，但现有文献针对糖尿病相关周围神经病变的安全性与有效性仍缺乏充分证据。因此，本研究拟通过系统评价与荟萃分析（meta-analysis），得出更为明确的研究结论。

方法
本研究将全面检索建库至2023年10月1日的相关研究，检索数据库包括Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane图书馆、PubMed、辅助与补充医学数据库（AMED）、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国知网（China National Knowledge Infrastructure, CNKI）、中国生物医学文献数据库。同时，本研究还将检索世界卫生组织国际临床试验注册平台、中国临床试验注册中心及ClinicalTrials.gov。灰色文献将通过Google Scholar及opengrey.edu进行检索。本研究仅纳入中英文发表的随机对照试验，不对发表状态设限。主要结局指标包括症状评分变化、神经传导速度变化；次要结局指标涵盖生活质量、疼痛程度变化、空腹及餐后2小时血糖水平、糖化血红蛋白水平，以及光生物调节疗法相关的各类不良事件。本研究将采用Reman V.5.4软件与R语言开展荟萃分析。潜在偏倚的评估将采用Cochrane偏倚风险2工具（RoB 2.0）与物理治疗证据数据库（Physiotherapy Evidence Database, PEDro）量表。注册信息：PROSPERO（注册编号：CRD42023466586）。

讨论
本荟萃分析旨在评估光生物调节疗法作为糖尿病周围神经病变（DPN）潜在治疗手段的有效性与安全性，为患者提供简便易行的治疗选择。此外，本研究还将拓展临床医护人员管理DPN的治疗方案选择范围。