Data_Sheet_1_Assessment of urban sanitation status and management gaps in a metropolitan city, Bangladesh: Potential challenges to achieve SDG 6.docx

Concerns have been on the rise around the globe regarding better sanitation management, which is one of the basic human rights, owing especially to the present goal of sustainable development, more specifically Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6. Proper sanitation management is a challenging issue in Bangladesh. The purpose of this study was to investigate the current state of sanitation and hygiene facilities and management in Chattogram City, Bangladesh. This study was conducted via questionnaire survey, key informant information (KIIs), stakeholder meetings, and field visits. A survey was conducted on slum dwellers and non-slum dwellers (formal settlements) of the city. A total of 400(=n) randomly selected respondents were interviewed (200 from each group) from eight wards of the metropolitan city, six KIIs, and three stakeholder meetings. Field visits were made to observe the conditions along with a pilot survey to validate the questionnaires. A purposive sampling method was employed for this study, while both descriptive and quantitative statistical analyses were conducted. Statistical analysis of the survey results and field observation found inadequate sanitation and hygiene facilities, insufficient community toilets, improper waste disposal, and drainage facilities in the city. Sanitation was worse in slum areas than in the non-slum neighborhoods. 55.4% of slum dwellers had no/little awareness of the sanitary system. While 89% of families in slum areas use shared toilets, unhygienic toilets caused different diseases to 63.7% of respondents. Drainage conditions were almost equally insufficient in both groups. 65% of respondents did not have any community toilets in their locality. The sanitation management system is not well-equipped and it is a pressing need to make better plans and implement sufficient management strategy for the total sanitation of the city.

全球范围内，作为基本人权之一的完善环境卫生管理愈发引发关注，这一议题在当前可持续发展目标，尤其是可持续发展目标（Sustainable Development Goal, SDG）6的推动下尤为凸显。在孟加拉国，规范的环境卫生管理是一项颇具挑战性的课题。本研究旨在调查孟加拉国吉大港市（Chattogram City）当前的环境卫生、卫生设施及管理现状。本研究通过问卷调查、关键知情人访谈（Key Informant Interviews, KIIs）、利益相关方会议及实地考察开展。研究针对该市的贫民窟居民与非贫民窟居民（正规定居点居民）开展了问卷调查。研究人员从这座大都市的8个街区中随机选取400名受访者（两组各200名）进行访谈，同时开展了6次关键知情人访谈与3次利益相关方座谈会。此外还开展了实地考察以观察设施现状，并通过预调研对问卷进行信效度检验。本研究采用目的性抽样方法，并同步开展描述性与量化统计分析。对调研结果与实地观测数据的统计分析显示，该市存在环境卫生与卫生设施不足、公共厕所短缺、废弃物处置不当以及排水设施不完善等问题。贫民窟地区的环境卫生状况较非贫民窟社区更为恶劣。55.4%的贫民窟居民对环境卫生体系缺乏或几乎没有认知。与此同时，贫民窟地区89%的家庭使用共用厕所，63.7%的受访者表示不卫生的厕所导致其罹患各类疾病。两类社区的排水设施状况均存在明显不足，且程度相近。65%的受访者表示其所在区域没有公共厕所。该市的环境卫生管理体系尚不完善，亟需制定更完善的规划并落实充足的管理策略，以全面改善全市环境卫生状况。