Replication Files for The Division of Parental Leave: Empirical Evidence and Policy Design

Replication files for
Thomas Høgholm Jørgensen, Jakob Egholt Søgaard,
The division of parental leave: Empirical evidence and policy design,
Journal of Public Economics,
Volume 238,
2024,
105202,
ISSN 0047-2727,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2024.105202.
(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047272724001385)
Abstract: We study several key aspects of the design of parental leave systems. First, we estimate parents’ willingness to pay for parental leave using Danish administrative data on the division of leave from almost 190,000 births combined with sharp variation in economic incentives created by the parental leave benefit system. We find evidence of both strong behavioral responses with significant bunching at kink points and a willingness to pay for a gender-traditional allocation of leave, where fathers take little or no leave. Second, we provide a menu of counterfactual policy simulations showing substantial interaction effects between earmarked leave, replacement rates and the duration of leave benefits. Relevant for the implementation of a recent EU directive, a higher replacement rate significantly increases the behavioral response of fathers to earmarked leave. Finally, we discuss the welfare effects of different policies aimed at increasing the parental leave of fathers.
Keywords: Parental leave; Intra-household allocation; Bunching; Policy design

本数据集为以下学术论文的复制文件：
托马斯·霍格霍尔姆·约根森（Thomas Høgholm Jørgensen）、雅各布·埃格霍尔特·瑟高（Jakob Egholt Søgaard）
《育儿假的分配：经验证据与政策设计》（The division of parental leave: Empirical evidence and policy design）
刊载于《公共经济学杂志》（Journal of Public Economics）
第238卷，2024年，文章编号：105202
国际标准刊号（ISSN）：0047-2727
DOI链接：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2024.105202
ScienceDirect原文链接：https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047272724001385

摘要：本研究聚焦育儿假（parental leave）制度设计的若干核心维度。其一，我们基于丹麦全国近19万例分娩的育儿假分配行政数据，结合育儿假福利制度所产生的经济激励显著断点式差异，估算父母的育儿假意愿支付水平。研究发现两类鲜明的行为响应：一是在政策拐点处出现显著的聚类效应（bunching），二是父母倾向于选择遵循性别传统的育儿假分配模式，即父亲几乎或完全不享受育儿假。其二，我们通过多组反事实政策模拟，证实专属育儿假（earmarked leave）、福利替代率与育儿假福利时长三者间存在显著的交互效应。针对近期欧盟相关指令的落地实施，研究显示更高的福利替代率会显著强化父亲对专属育儿假的行为响应。最后，我们探讨了各类旨在提升父亲育儿假时长的政策的福利效应。

关键词：育儿假；家庭内部分配（intra-household allocation）；聚类效应；政策设计