The History of Expansion of School Inclusion and the Demands of Regular Education Disseminated by a Newspaper

ABSTRACT: In the transition from the 20th to the 21st century, with the coming of the international movement to Inclusive Education, the Brazilian Special Education started to draw new directions to its history, and significant transformations in the conduct of education policies began to occur throughout the country. Considering that the history of Brazilian Special Education has been described predominantly based on official texts, this study had the objective of retelling and analyzing the stories about the repercussion of the expansion of school inclusion and the demands for the regular teaching in a newspaper of great circulation in the country. The documentary corpus consisted of 295 texts published in the newspaper O Estado de S. Paulo from 1997 to 2004, which were disposed of at least one describer, previously established. By bringing back some stories told by the newspaper, it was possible to identify an increase in the number of enrollments of the target population of Special Education in regular education, with an emphasis on the exposition of successful experiences of school inclusion in private schools, whereas, in the case of public schools, problems and challenges were portrayed. Thus, the ideology arising from the confrontation between these stories is discussed.摘要：20世纪向21世纪转型期间，伴随全纳教育（Inclusive Education）国际运动的兴起，巴西特殊教育史迎来了全新的发展方向，全国范围内的教育政策实施亦开始出现重大变革。鉴于巴西特殊教育的历史阐释大多基于官方文本，本研究旨在梳理并分析该国某份高发行量报纸中，关于学校全纳教育扩张的影响以及常规教学需求的相关报道。本研究的文献语料库包含1997年至2004年间刊载于《圣保罗州报》（O Estado de S. Paulo）的295篇文本，所有文本均由预先设定的至少一名标注者完成处理。通过回溯该报纸刊载的相关报道，本研究发现特殊教育目标群体在常规教育中的注册人数有所增长，其中报道重点呈现了私立学校的全纳教育成功实践，而针对公立学校则侧重描绘其面临的问题与挑战。在此基础上，本研究还探讨了两类报道所折射出的意识形态分歧。