ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS OF LIVER CIRRHOSIS AND THEIR REGIONAL DIFFERENCES

This scientific paper analyzes the etiological factors of liver cirrhosis, their pathogenetic mechanisms, and regional distribution characteristics. Liver cirrhosis is a chronic and progressive disease characterized by the replacement of normal liver parenchyma with fibrotic tissue, nodular regeneration, and the development of portal hypertension. The study examines the role of viral hepatitis, alcohol consumption, metabolic disorders, autoimmune, and hereditary factors in the development of liver cirrhosis. Particular attention is paid to regional differences, especially in Central Asia and the Republic of Uzbekistan, highlighting the etiological structure of the disease. The results of the study have significant scientific and practical importance for improving preventive measures, early diagnosis, and treatment strategies for liver cirrhosis本学术论文围绕肝硬化的致病因素、发病机制及其区域分布特征展开分析。肝硬化作为一种慢性进展性疾病，其典型病理特征为正常肝实质被纤维化组织替代、出现结节性再生，并伴随门静脉高压的发生。本研究探讨了病毒性肝炎、饮酒、代谢紊乱、自身免疫及遗传因素在肝硬化发生发展过程中的作用。研究重点关注区域差异，尤其是中亚与乌兹别克斯坦共和国的发病情况，着重阐明了该疾病的病因构成特征。本研究结果对于优化肝硬化的预防措施、早期诊断及治疗方案具有重要的科学与实践价值。