pulsar-catalog
收藏资源简介:
ATNF Pulsar Catalogue 是一个完整的已知射电脉冲星目录数据集,源自 ATNF Pulsar Catalogue,并通过 NASA HEASARC 获取。该数据集每月更新一次,包含 4,353 颗脉冲星(其中 804 颗为毫秒脉冲星,497 颗位于双星系统中)。数据集详细记录了每颗脉冲星的旋转参数、色散量、通量密度以及衍生量(如特征年龄、表面磁场和自转减慢光度)。 脉冲星是快速旋转的中子星,发射电磁辐射束。ATNF Pulsar Catalogue(Manchester 等人,2005 年)是由 CSIRO 维护的权威参考目录。数据集中的物理参数非常丰富,包括自转周期 P 及其时间导数 P-dot,这些参数共同约束了脉冲星的磁场强度、特征年龄和自转减慢光度。绘制 P 与 P-dot 的关系图可以生成著名的脉冲星“岛图”,揭示不同的脉冲星群体:正常脉冲星、毫秒脉冲星和磁星。 毫秒脉冲星(周期 < 30 毫秒)是通过从伴星吸积物质而加速旋转的古老脉冲星,它们是宇宙中最精确的时钟之一,用于脉冲星计时阵列以探测引力波。脉冲星是基础物理学的天然实验室,其极高的旋转稳定性使得在强场条件下测试广义相对论成为可能,特别是在相对论性双星系统中。 数据集以表格形式存储,包含 20 个字段,如脉冲星名称、赤经、赤纬、周期、周期导数、色散量、通量密度、伴星类型、距离估计、特征年龄、表面磁场、自转减慢光度等。数据集还提供了快速统计数据,如中位周期为 0.4860 秒,中位色散量为 147.5 pc/cm^3。 该数据集适用于天文学研究、脉冲星分类、引力波探测、星际介质研究等任务。数据集以 CC-BY-4.0 许可发布,用户可以通过 Hugging Face 的 `datasets` 库轻松加载和使用。
ATNF Pulsar Catalogue is a comprehensive dataset of all known radio pulsars, sourced from the ATNF Pulsar Catalogue and obtained via NASA HEASARC. This dataset is updated monthly, containing 4,353 pulsars (including 804 millisecond pulsars and 497 pulsars located in binary systems). The dataset records in detail the rotational parameters, dispersion measure, flux density, and derived quantities (such as characteristic age, surface magnetic field, and spin-down luminosity) of each pulsar. Pulsars are rapidly rotating neutron stars that emit collimated electromagnetic radiation beams. The ATNF Pulsar Catalogue (Manchester et al., 2005) is an authoritative reference catalog maintained by CSIRO. The dataset contains abundant physical parameters, including the rotation period P and its time derivative P-dot, which together constrain the magnetic field strength, characteristic age, and spin-down luminosity of pulsars. Plotting the relationship between P and P-dot generates the famous pulsar "diagram of islands", which reveals distinct pulsar populations: normal pulsars, millisecond pulsars, and magnetars. Millisecond pulsars (period < 30 ms) are ancient pulsars accelerated by accreting material from their companion stars, and they are among the most precise clocks in the universe, used in pulsar timing arrays to detect gravitational waves. Pulsars serve as natural laboratories for fundamental physics; their extremely high rotational stability enables tests of general relativity under strong-field conditions, particularly in relativistic binary systems. The dataset is stored in tabular format, with 20 fields including pulsar name, right ascension, declination, period, period derivative, dispersion measure, flux density, companion star type, distance estimate, characteristic age, surface magnetic field, spin-down luminosity, and more. The dataset also provides quick statistical data, such as a median period of 0.4860 seconds and a median dispersion measure of 147.5 pc/cm³. This dataset is suitable for tasks such as astronomical research, pulsar classification, gravitational wave detection, and interstellar medium research. It is released under the CC-BY-4.0 license, and users can easily load and utilize it via the Hugging Face `datasets` library.
ATNF Pulsar Catalogue 数据集概述
基本信息
- 数据集名称:ATNF Pulsar Catalogue
- 发布者:Julien Simon
- 托管平台:Hugging Face
- 数据集地址:https://huggingface.co/datasets/juliensimon/pulsar-catalog
- 许可证:CC-BY-4.0
- 语言:英语
- 数据格式:Parquet
- 数据规模:1K<n<10K
- 任务类别:表格分类
- 标签:空间、脉冲星、中子星、天文学、射电、磁星、ATNF、开放数据、表格数据
数据集描述
该数据集是来自澳大利亚国家望远镜机构(ATNF)脉冲星目录的完整已知射电脉冲星编目。数据通过NASA HEASARC获取,每月更新。数据集包含脉冲星的自转参数、色散量、流量密度以及特征年龄、表面磁场、自转减慢光度等衍生量。
数据内容
- 脉冲星总数:4,353颗
- 毫秒脉冲星数:804颗(周期 < 30 ms)
- 双星系统脉冲星数:497颗
- 中位周期:0.4860秒
- 中位色散量:147.5 pc/cm³
数据模式(Schema)
| 列名 | 类型 | 描述 |
|---|---|---|
name |
string | 脉冲星J名称 |
alt_name |
string | 备选B名称 |
ra |
float | 赤经(度) |
dec |
float | 赤纬(度) |
period |
float | 质心周期(秒) |
period_dot |
float | 周期导数(s/s) |
dm |
float | 色散量(pc/cm³) |
flux_1400_mhz |
float | 1400 MHz平均流量密度(mJy) |
companion_type |
string | 双星伴星分类 |
dm_distance |
float | DM推导距离(kpc) |
age |
float | 特征自转减慢年龄(年) |
b_surf |
float | 表面磁场(高斯) |
e_dot |
float | 自转减慢光度(erg/s) |
pulsar_type |
string | 脉冲星类型分类 |
pm_tot |
float | 总自行(mas/yr) |
discovery_date |
int | 发现发表年份 |
assoc_object |
string | 关联天体(如超新星遗迹、球状星团) |
binary_model |
string | 双星模型类型 |
is_millisecond |
bool | 周期 < 30 ms则为真 |
is_binary |
bool | 位于双星系统则为真 |
数据来源
所有数据均来自ATNF脉冲星目录(Manchester, R. N., Hobbs, G. B., Teoh, A. & Hobbs, M., 2005, AJ, 129, 1993),通过NASA HEASARC TAP服务访问。
更新频率
每月更新(每月第一个星期一18:00 UTC),通过GitHub Actions自动执行。
相关数据集
- gamma-ray-bursts:https://huggingface.co/datasets/juliensimon/gamma-ray-bursts
- space-track-satcat:https://huggingface.co/datasets/juliensimon/space-track-satcat
- solar-flare-index:https://huggingface.co/datasets/juliensimon/solar-flare-index
使用方式
可通过Hugging Face datasets库加载:
python
from datasets import load_dataset
ds = load_dataset("juliensimon/pulsar-catalog", split="train")
引用格式
bibtex @dataset{pulsar_catalog, author = {Simon, Julien}, title = {ATNF Pulsar Catalogue}, year = {2026}, publisher = {Hugging Face}, url = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/juliensimon/pulsar-catalog}, note = {Based on ATNF Pulsar Catalogue (Manchester et al. 2005) via NASA HEASARC} }




