Correlation test and CSD estimations.

Recently, economic environmental degradation is being considered a leading chellenge in forefront of policy analysts. Thus, the present study introduces core environmental determinants such as infrastructure development, finacail inclusion, gross domestic product, population, and renewable energy consumption. Financial inclusion (FI) is crucial for attaining a environment. The present study selects the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) over period of 2004–2022. The results show that financial inclusin, infrastructure development(ID), and renewable energy (RE) play a vital influence in decreasing carbon emissions. The OECD nations should surge their investment in renewable energy and infrastructure development. Furthermore, to ensure long-term environmental sustainability, it is imperative to broaden the scope of FI. Thus, the inclusion of green infrastructure is essential in order to shift from the utilization of fossil fuels to RE sources. Similarly, policymakers should incorporate FI into climate actions at the local, national, and regional levels. However, it is crucial to promote the economic shift towards RE sources in order to mitigate the environmental impact from humn and economic activities. This study is conducive to the execution of the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDG).近年来，经济环境退化被视为政策分析前沿领域的核心挑战。为此，本研究纳入基础设施建设、金融包容、国内生产总值、人口规模及可再生能源消费等核心环境影响因素。金融包容（Financial Inclusion, FI）对于实现环境可持续发展至关重要。本研究选取经济合作与发展组织（Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, OECD）2004至2022年的相关数据。研究结果显示，金融包容、基础设施建设（Infrastructure Development, ID）与可再生能源（Renewable Energy, RE）对减少碳排放发挥了关键作用。经合组织成员国应加大对可再生能源与基础设施建设的投资力度。此外，为保障长期环境可持续性，亟需拓展金融包容的覆盖范围。因此，引入绿色基础设施建设，对于从化石能源利用转向可再生能源来源至关重要。同理，政策制定者应将金融包容纳入地方、国家及区域层面的气候行动体系。然而，推动经济向可再生能源转型以减轻人类与经济活动造成的环境影响，仍具有重要意义。本研究有助于落实联合国（United Nations, UN）可持续发展目标（Sustainable Development Goals, SDG）。