Data_Sheet_1_Association Between Periodontitis and Cognitive Impairment in Adults: A Systematic Review.docx

Periodontitis is an oral inflammatory disease and may contribute to low-grade systemic inflammation. Based on the contribution of periodontitis to systemic inflammation and the potential role of systemic inflammation in neuroinflammation, many epidemiological studies have investigated a possible association between periodontitis and mild cognitive impairment or dementia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical/epidemiological evidence regarding the association between periodontitis and cognitive decline in adult patients. A search conducted between September and October 2018 was performed in the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, LILACS, OpenGrey, and Google Scholar, with no publication date or language restrictions. Analytical observational studies in adults (P—Participants), with (E—Exposure) and without periodontitis (C—Comparison) were included in order to determine the association between periodontitis and cognitive decline (O—Outcome). The search identified 509 references, of which eight observational studies were accorded with the eligibility criteria and evaluated. The results should, however, be interpreted cautiously due to the limited number of studies. This systematic review points to the need for further well-designed studies, such as longitudinal observational studies with control of modifiable variables, as diagnostic criteria and time since diagnosis of periodontitis and cognitive impairment, to confirm the proposed association.

牙周炎（Periodontitis）是一种口腔炎性疾病，可引发轻度全身性炎症。鉴于牙周炎对全身性炎症的贡献，以及全身性炎症在神经炎症中的潜在作用，诸多流行病学研究已探讨了牙周炎与轻度认知障碍或痴呆之间的潜在关联。本研究旨在评估成人患者中牙周炎与认知衰退之间关联的临床/流行病学证据。本研究于2018年9月至10月间，在PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library、LILACS、OpenGrey及Google Scholar等电子数据库中开展检索，未对发表日期与语言设置限制。本研究纳入以成年人为研究对象（P—Participants）的分析性观察性研究，按是否罹患牙周炎分为暴露组（E—Exposure）与对照组（C—Comparison），以明确牙周炎与认知衰退这一研究结局（O—Outcome）之间的关联。本次检索共获取509篇参考文献，其中8项观察性研究符合纳入标准并被纳入评价。然而，由于纳入研究的数量有限，对本研究结果的解读应保持谨慎。本系统综述提示，仍需开展进一步设计严谨的研究——例如控制可调节变量（如牙周炎与认知障碍的诊断标准及确诊时长）的纵向观察性研究——以验证二者间的潜在关联。