Differences in vaginal microbiota, host transcriptome and proteins in women with bacterial vaginosis are associated with metronidazole treatment response

This study aimed to identify features associated with bacterial vaginosis treatment response. Women with BV in Bronx, NY and Thika, Kenya received 7 days of oral metronidazole and underwent genital sampling of the vaginal microbiota on Days 0, 15 and 35. Bronx participants were more likely than Thika participants to clinically respond to metronidazole, also noted by changes in the microbiota composition and alpha diversity.

本研究旨在明确与细菌性阴道病（bacterial vaginosis，简称BV）治疗应答相关的特征。招募纽约布朗克斯（Bronx）与肯尼亚蒂卡（Thika）地区的BV患者，令其接受为期7天的口服甲硝唑（metronidazole）治疗，并分别于第0、15、35天采集生殖道样本以分析阴道微生物群。研究发现，相较于蒂卡地区的受试者，布朗克斯地区的受试者更易对甲硝唑产生临床应答，这一差异亦可通过微生物群组成与α多样性（alpha diversity）的变化得到验证。