STATE OF HEALTH AND PHYSICAL FITNESS OF CBF (BRAZILIAN SOCCER CONFEDERATION) REFEREES FROM THE STATE OF ESPÍRITO SANTO

ABSTRACT Introduction: Studies indicate that the technical/tactical performance of soccer referees can be impacted by physical fitness and state of health. However, although they are routinely invited to take part in matches at national level, it is not yet clearly established whether referees who work in less prominent regions and soccer championships present the same levels of physical, technical and psychological preparation as referees from more important areas, such as the soccer teams of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Within this context, no studies have evaluated the physical conditioning and health parameters of Brazilian Soccer Confederation (CBF) referees who work in Espírito Santo. Objective: To assess the health and physical fitness levels of CBF soccer referees from Espírito Santo. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 16 participants, 6 referees, and 10 assistant referees. The protocol lasted 12 weeks and consisted of the following analyses: general characteristics, body composition, flexibility, and biochemical and cardiorespiratory profiles. Results: The referees all fell under the age range (26 to 41 years) required by CBF and had good body composition and flexibility results. The cardiorespiratory assessment (rest and effort) of the referees indicated satisfactory physical fitness and consequently, low risk for cardiovascular diseases based on resting heart rate (HR) (64 ± 13 bpm), HR reserve (126 ± 18 bpm) and VO2max (45.3 ± 5.7 ml·kg−1·min−1), results similar to those seen in elite international referees. Regarding the biochemical assessment, the parameters analyzed were within the normal range. Conclusion: Despite the fact that referees from the state of Espírito Santo work in a region of lesser national significance and relevance in the soccer domain, they present satisfactory levels of physical fitness and health parameters to act with safety and precision in national competitions. Level of Evidence IV; Type of study: Case series.

摘要：
引言：研究表明，足球裁判员的技战术表现会受到身体素质与健康状态的影响。尽管巴西足球联合会（CBF）的裁判员常规受邀参与国家级赛事，但目前仍未明确：在影响力较弱的地区及次级足球赛事执裁的裁判员，其身体、技术与心理准备水平，是否与圣保罗、里约热内卢等核心区域的裁判员持平。在此背景下，尚无研究对埃斯皮里图州（Espírito Santo）辖区内的巴西足球联合会（CBF）裁判员的身体机能与健康指标开展评估。
研究目的：评估埃斯皮里图州巴西足球联合会（CBF）足球裁判员的健康与身体素质水平。
研究方法：本研究为横断面研究，共纳入16名受试者，其中6名主裁判、10名助理裁判。研究方案为期12周，包含以下检测分析：一般特征、身体成分、柔韧性、生化指标及心肺功能指标。
研究结果：所有受试者的年龄均符合巴西足球联合会（CBF）要求的26~41岁区间，且身体成分与柔韧性表现良好。对裁判员的静息与运动状态心肺功能评估显示，其身体素质水平令人满意，基于静息心率（resting heart rate, HR）（64±13次/分钟）、心率储备（heart rate reserve, HR reserve）（126±18次/分钟）及最大摄氧量（VO2max）（45.3±5.7 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹）计算的心血管疾病风险较低，该结果与顶级国际裁判员的相关指标相近。生化指标检测结果均处于正常参考范围内。
研究结论：尽管埃斯皮里图州的裁判员所执裁的赛事在足球领域的全国影响力与关注度较低，但他们的身体素质与健康参数水平足以满足国家级赛事执裁的安全与精度要求。证据等级IV；研究类型：病例系列。