Table_1_Measuring Online Wellbeing: A Scoping Review of Subjective Wellbeing Measures.docx

With the increasing importance of the internet to our everyday lives, questions are rightly being asked about how its' use affects our wellbeing. It is important to be able to effectively measure the effects of the online context, as it allows us to assess the impact of specific online contexts on wellbeing that may not apply to offline wellbeing. This paper describes a scoping review of English language, peer-reviewed articles published in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsychInfo between 1st January 2015 and 31st December 2019 to identify what measures are used to assess subjective wellbeing and in particular to identify any measures used in the online context. Two hundred forty studies were identified; 160 studies were removed by abstract screening, and 17 studies were removed by full-text screening, leaving 63 included studies. Fifty-six subjective wellbeing scales were identified with 18 excluded and 38 included for further analysis. Only one study was identified researching online wellbeing, and no specific online wellbeing scale was found. Therefore, common features of the existing scales, such as the number and type of questions, are compared to offer recommendations for building an online wellbeing scale. Such a scale is recommended to be between 3 and 20 questions, using mainly 5-point Likert or Likert-like scales to measure at least positive and negative affect, and ideally life satisfaction, and to use mainly subjective evaluation. Further research is needed to establish how these findings for the offline world effectively translate into an online measure of wellbeing.

随着互联网在日常生活中的重要性与日俱增，人们合理地质疑其使用对幸福感的影响。有效测量线上环境的影响至关重要，因为这能让我们评估特定线上环境对幸福感的作用——这类作用可能并不适用于线下幸福感场景。本文针对2015年1月1日至2019年12月31日期间发表于MEDLINE、EMBASE及PsychInfo的英文同行评议（peer-reviewed）论文开展范围综述（scoping review），旨在识别用于评估主观幸福感（subjective wellbeing）的量表，尤其是针对线上场景的相关量表。本次综述共检索到240项研究，经摘要筛选排除160项，经全文筛选排除17项，最终纳入63项研究。期间共识别出56份主观幸福感量表，其中18份被排除，38份纳入后续分析。本次综述仅发现1项针对线上幸福感的研究，未发现专门的线上幸福感量表。因此，本文对比了现有量表的共性特征（如题目数量与题型），为构建线上幸福感量表提出如下建议：推荐量表题量介于3至20题之间，主要采用5点李克特（Likert）量表或类李克特量表进行测量，至少覆盖正负性情感维度，理想情况下可同时纳入生活满意度维度，且以主观评价为核心测量方式。最后，仍需开展进一步研究，以明确线下场景下的相关研究发现如何有效转化为线上幸福感测量工具。