Health care for homeless persons in daily primary care: scoping review

ABSTRACT This study aimed to identify the state of the art on the health care of homeless persons in the daily life of Primary Health Care. The scoping review method proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) was adopted, and the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist was used for greater methodological transparency and rigor in the presentation of results. The database search took place in October 2021, and included PubMed, LILACS, Scopus, Cochrane Central, Web of Science and CINAHL. A total of 21.940 articles were found in the six databases, of which 31 articles constituted the final sample of this study. This review corroborated that the health care of homeless persons is a public health challenge and requires more professional investment and cross-cutting policies. As the health needs of these people have a different configuration and call for immediate attention, building a bond and developing health promotion actions is a challenge, considering the multifactorial and multifaceted aspects that involve homeless persons.

摘要 本研究旨在梳理初级卫生保健（Primary Health Care）日常场景中针对无家可归者的医疗保健领域最新研究进展。本研究采用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（Joanna Briggs Institute，JBI）提出的范围综述（scoping review）方法，并使用《系统综述报告规范扩展版（范围综述）》（PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews，PRISMA-ScR）清单，以提升结果呈现的方法学透明度与严谨性。数据库检索于2021年10月开展，检索范围涵盖PubMed、LILACS、Scopus、考克兰中心数据库（Cochrane Central）、科学网（Web of Science）以及护理及联合健康文献累计索引（CINAHL）。最终在6个数据库中共检索到21940篇文献，最终纳入31篇作为本研究的最终样本。本范围综述证实，针对无家可归者的医疗保健是一项公共卫生挑战，亟需加大专业投入并制定跨部门政策。鉴于无家可归人群的健康需求具有独特表现形式且亟需关注，同时结合无家可归者所涉及的多因素、多维度复杂特征，建立信任联结并开展健康促进行动仍是一项艰巨挑战。