Prevalence and determinant factors of unintended pregnancy among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics of Addis Zemen hospital

Introduction
Unintended pregnancy is a pregnancy which is not wanted and/or not planed at the time of conception. It has a major consequence on mothers’ and newborns’ health and its prevalence remains a major health problem in Ethiopia. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of unintended pregnancy among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics of Addis Zemen hospital.
Methods
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was employed in Addis Zemen hospital from April 01 to May 30, 2018. The sampled 398 pregnant mothers were selected by systematic random sampling. The data were collected using a-pretested structured questionnaire via face to face interview and the collected data were analyzed by using SPSS Version-20. The data were summarized with frequency and cross-tabulation. Both binary and multiple logistic regressions were used in order to identify predictor variables using odds ratio at 95% confidence interval.
Results
All of 398 mothers answered the questionnaire making the response rate 100%. The prevalence of unintended pregnancy was 26.1% (CI;22.1, 30.4). Women who were multigravid (AOR; 4.7: CI; 2.3, 6.8), women who were multipara (AOR; 2.8: CI; 2.6, 9.7), and women who were from rural (AOR; 2.6: CI; 1.5, 4.6) were more likely experienced unintended pregnancy than their counterparts. Women who were Muslim (AOR; 0.79: CI; 0.6, 0.90) and women who attended secondary education (AOR; 0.58: CI; 0.42, 0.78) were less likely experienced unintended pregnancy.
Conclusion and recommendation
The prevalence of unintended pregnancy is high in the study area. Educational status, parity, gravity, residence, and religion were the most important predictor variables of unintended pregnancy. Reducing the prevalence of unintended pregnancy especially in the rural area is recommended.

引言
非意愿妊娠（Unintended pregnancy）指受孕时未被计划或不被期望的妊娠。该类妊娠对孕产妇及新生儿健康存在显著不良影响，其患病率在埃塞俄比亚仍是一项重大公共卫生难题。本研究旨在评估亚的斯泽门医院产前门诊就诊孕妇中非意愿妊娠的患病率及其影响因素。

研究方法
本研究于2018年4月1日至5月30日在亚的斯泽门医院开展，为基于机构的横断面研究。采用系统随机抽样法选取398名孕妇作为研究对象。通过面对面访谈形式，使用经过预试验的结构化问卷收集数据，并采用SPSS 20.0版本进行统计分析。数据通过频数与交叉制表法进行汇总，同时运用二元logistic回归与多重logistic回归模型，以95%置信区间下的比值比（odds ratio, OR）及调整后比值比（Adjusted Odds Ratio, AOR）识别影响非意愿妊娠的预测变量。

研究结果
本次研究共回收398份有效问卷，应答率达100%。非意愿妊娠的患病率为26.1%（95%置信区间：22.1~30.4）。相较于对照群体，多孕次孕妇（AOR=4.7，95%置信区间：2.3~6.8）、经产妇（AOR=2.8，95%置信区间：2.6~9.7）以及农村居住地孕妇（AOR=2.6，95%置信区间：1.5~4.6）发生非意愿妊娠的风险更高。而穆斯林信徒孕妇（AOR=0.79，95%置信区间：0.6~0.90）及接受过中等教育的孕妇（AOR=0.58，95%置信区间：0.42~0.78）发生非意愿妊娠的风险更低。

结论与建议
本研究区域内非意愿妊娠患病率较高。受教育程度、产次、孕次、居住地及宗教信仰是影响非意愿妊娠的关键预测变量。建议采取干预措施降低非意愿妊娠的患病率，尤其需重点关注农村地区。