Participatory Framework for Urban Pluvial Flood Modeling in the Digital Twin Era

The recent surge in digital twin technology, which creates virtual replicas of real-world processes, offers an interactive testbed for understanding and predicting environmental changes. Globally, as urban areas face increasing extreme heavy rainfalls and the resulting pluvial floods caused by inadequate drainage systems, collaboration between governments and local residents becomes crucial in managing flood risks. This paper develops a participatory framework for urban pluvial flood modeling, incorporating open source software, virtual reality, minimum viable product, and gamification aspects. This framework engages citizens in every phase of the process, from input data preparation and hydrological model construction to model verification and experiments, leveraging local knowledge and collective action. This paper presents a case study on the recurring pluvial flood damages in South Korea's Gangnam region, demonstrating the practical implications of an interactive, web-based crowdsourcing platform to facilitate citizen participation. The results underscore the evidence of a proactive role for citizens, not merely as recipients of disaster information but as key contributors collaborating with a range of stakeholders in flood modeling and stormwater management. By integrating digital twin technology with community engagement, we can foster informed decision-making and spontaneous participation in the evolving digital era, leading to a disaster-resilient community.

近年来，数字孪生（digital twin）技术迎来爆发式增长——该技术可构建真实世界流程的虚拟复制品，为理解与预测环境变化提供了交互式试验平台。全球范围内，城市地区正面临愈发频繁的极端强降雨，加之排水系统不完善引发的雨洪内涝，因此政府与本地居民的协作在洪水风险管理中至关重要。本研究构建了一套面向城市雨洪内涝建模的参与式框架，整合了开源软件、虚拟现实（Virtual Reality, VR）、最小可行产品（Minimum Viable Product, MVP）以及游戏化等要素。该框架可让市民参与建模全流程——从输入数据准备、水文模型构建，到模型验证与试验，充分利用本地知识与集体行动的力量。本研究以韩国江南地区频发的雨洪内涝灾害为案例，展示了一款交互式网络众包平台在推动市民参与方面的实际应用价值。研究结果证实，市民可发挥积极主动的作用：他们不仅是灾害信息的接收者，更是洪水建模与雨水管理领域中，与各类利益相关方开展协作的核心参与者。在不断发展的数字时代，将数字孪生技术与社区参与相结合，能够促进科学决策与自发式公众参与，最终构建起具有灾害韧性的社区。