Human milk enriched with human milk lyophilisate for feeding very low birth weight preterm infants: A preclinical experimental study focusing on fatty acid profile

BackgroundHuman milk, with essential nutrients and long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) such as the omega 3 and 6 fatty acids is important for development of the central nervous system and the retina in very low birth weight infants (MethodsFifty donors from the Human Milk Bank of Children’s Hospital provided consent, and donated milk samples. Macronutrient (including total lipids) quantification was performed using the MIRIS® Human Milk Analyzer, and the fatty acid profile was determined by gas chromatography (CG-FID, SHIMADZU®).ResultsThere was a higher lipid concentration in HMCI relative to HMB. The concentrations of the main fatty acids (% of total) were as follows: palmitic acid (C16:0) HMB, 22.30%; HMCI, 21.46%; HMC3m, 21.54%; and HMC6m, 21.95% (pConclusionsFreeze-dried human milk fortified with a human milk concentrate brings potential benefits to newborns, mainly by preserving the essential nutrients present only in breast milk; however, further clinical studies are required to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the concentrate as a standard nutritional food option for very low birth weight infants.背景：母乳含有必需营养素与长链多不饱和脂肪酸（long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, LC-PUFAs），如ω-3与ω-6脂肪酸，对极低出生体重儿的中枢神经系统与视网膜发育具有重要作用。 方法：本研究从某儿童医院母乳库招募50名捐赠者，经其签署知情同意后采集母乳样本。采用MIRIS®母乳分析仪对宏量营养素（包括总脂质）进行定量检测，通过气相色谱法（CG-FID，SHIMADZU®）测定脂肪酸谱。 结果：相较于HMB组，HMCI组的脂质浓度更高。主要脂肪酸占总脂肪酸的百分比分别为：棕榈酸（C16:0）：HMB组22.30%、HMCI组21.46%、HMC3m组21.54%、HMC6m组21.95%（原文此处统计检验相关内容缺失）。 结论：经母乳浓缩物强化的冻干母乳可为新生儿带来潜在益处，核心优势在于保留了仅存在于母乳中的必需营养素；但仍需开展进一步临床研究，以评估该浓缩物作为极低出生体重儿标准营养食品选项的安全性与有效性。