Effect of biocontrol agents on the number of galls and second-stage juveniles in soil and roots of cucumber infected with Meloidogyne incognita in the pot experiment.

aTreatments 2–5 were inoculated with approximately 2000 second-stage juveniles at the two-leaf stage of cucumber seedlings.bTreatments 1–2 were irrigated with 400 ml of tap water. The concentrations of S. racemosum and avermectin in treatments 3–5 were suspended in 400 ml of tap water and applied as a soil drench before sowing.cMSL = mean root length, MSL = mean shoot length, VI = vigor index. The values in columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different according to LSD (P = 0.05).cEach transformed figure is the average of four replicates±SD. The mean in columns followed by the same letter(s) did not significantly different according to LSD (p = 0.05).