Supervisor demographics summary.

As cybersecurity threats continue to intensify across safety-critical industries, the aviation sector faces unique challenges due to its high digital dependency and human-centered operational environments. This study investigates how aviation supervisors in Türkiye perceive and respond to cybersecurity incidents involving employees, focusing on the psychological dimensions of leadership under pressure. Using a two-wave mixed-method design, data were collected from 300 supervisors through structured surveys and open-ended reflections on recent cybersecurity-related incidents. Thematic analysis identified common incident types such as phishing, password negligence, and unauthorized device use, along with eight distinct supervisory response strategies. Supervisors rated their actions on stressfulness and effectiveness, and K-means cluster analysis revealed three psychological response profiles. Multinomial logistic regression showed that psychological distress and time pressure were significant predictors of unfavorable experiences, while organizational cybersecurity support reduced the likelihood of high stress and low perceived effectiveness. These findings contribute to psychosocial risk and critical incident theory by highlighting cybersecurity incidents as emotionally significant events and underscore the need for supervisor training that integrates emotional resilience and cyber preparedness.随着网络安全威胁在安全关键型行业中持续加剧，航空领域因高度依赖数字化系统且运营环境以人为核心，面临着独特的挑战。本研究聚焦土耳其的航空主管人员如何感知并应对涉及员工的网络安全事件，重点探讨压力情境下领导力的心理维度。本研究采用两波混合方法设计，通过结构化问卷与针对近期网络安全相关事件的开放式反思，从300名主管处收集了研究数据。主题分析识别出网络钓鱼、密码疏忽、未授权设备使用等常见事件类型，同时提炼出八种差异化的主管应对策略。主管人员对自身行动的压力程度与有效性进行了评分，K均值聚类分析揭示了三类心理应对画像。多项逻辑回归分析表明，心理困扰与时间压力是不利经历的显著预测因素，而组织提供的网络安全支持则可降低高压力与低感知有效性的发生概率。本研究通过将网络安全事件界定为具有情感意义的事件，为心理社会风险与关键事件理论作出了贡献，并凸显了整合情绪韧性与网络安全准备度的主管培训的必要性。