Tullimonstrum gregarium: A Probable New Member of the Early Jawless Vertebrates

<i>This research proposes a new morphological and taxonomic interpretation of the fossil organism </i><b><i>Tullimonstrum gregarium</i></b><i>, commonly known as the “Tully Monster.” Based on comparative anatomy and fossil analysis, this study argues in favor of a basal vertebrate identity, closely related to agnathan lineages such as conodonts and modern lampreys. The paper discusses the anatomical features, environmental context of Mazon Creek, and why previous molluscan classifications may be incorrect. This reinterpretation seeks to contribute to the ongoing debate over the phylogenetic position of this enigmatic species.</i><br>

本研究针对通常被称为“塔利怪物”的化石生物**塔利怪物（Tullimonstrum gregarium）**提出了全新的形态学与分类学解读。基于比较解剖学与化石分析，本研究支持其属于基干脊椎动物的分类地位，且与牙形类（conodonts）、现代七鳃鳗等无颌类演化支密切相关。本文探讨了该物种的解剖学特征、马松溪（Mazon Creek）化石位点的沉积环境背景，以及此前将其归为软体动物的分类方案为何存在谬误。这一重新解读旨在为这场围绕该神秘物种系统发育位置的持续学术争论贡献新的研究视角。