DataSheet1_Investigating the ecological and toxicological significance of Cyanox®53 recovered from intertidal sediments and varnish clam.docx

We examined the ecological and toxicological implications of the microplastic, Cyanox®53, found in sediments and varnish clams across seven beaches in Burrard Inlet, British Columbia (BC). Using the simulation models embedded within Estimation Programs Interface (EPI) Suite™, the potential persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity of Cyanox®53 was assessed to evaluate the risk to varnish clams foraging on sediment containing this contaminant. Moreover, we used a bioenergetic model, based on the blue-listed surf scoter species, to estimate the risk of daily ingestion of Cyanox®53 per body weight in overwintering seabirds. Our findings indicate that varnish clams collected from Burrard Inlet accumulate on average 0.46 particles of Cyanox®53/clam, and based on bioenergetic modeling, results in surf scoters potentially consuming 78 (for males) to 83 (for females) pieces of Cyanox®53 daily from foraged varnish clams. EPI Suite™ predicted Cyanox®53 to be persistent, however, unlikely to bioaccumulate as a “traditional” chemical. Furthermore, the estimation of potential acute and chronic toxicity of Cyanox®53 to aquatic organism surrogates, such as fish, Daphnia magna, and green algae, was inconclusive due to model variability and limitations within EPI Suite™. To fully understand the potential risks of Cyanox®53 further investigation is warranted.

本研究针对不列颠哥伦比亚省（BC）布拉德湾（Burrard Inlet）七个海滩的沉积物与滑樱蛤（varnish clams）中检出的微塑料Cyanox®53，开展了其生态与毒理学影响的系统探究。本研究依托嵌入于估算程序套件（Estimation Programs Interface Suite™，EPI Suite™）的模拟模型，对Cyanox®53的潜在持久性、生物富集性与毒性进行评估，以研判其对以含该污染物沉积物为觅食基质的滑樱蛤的生态风险。此外，本研究基于被列入蓝色名录的斑脸海番鸭（surf scoter）物种构建了生物能量学模型，用以估算越冬海鸟单位体重每日摄入Cyanox®53的风险量级。研究结果显示，从布拉德湾采集的滑樱蛤平均每只可富集0.46个Cyanox®53微塑料颗粒；结合生物能量学模型推算，斑脸海番鸭通过捕食滑樱蛤，每日潜在摄入的Cyanox®53颗粒量为雄性个体78颗、雌性个体83颗。EPI Suite™预测，Cyanox®53具备持久性，但作为“传统”化学品，其不太可能产生生物富集效应。此外，针对鱼类、大型溞（Daphnia magna）、绿藻（green algae）等水生替代生物，估算Cyanox®53潜在急、慢性毒性的结果因EPI Suite™的模型变异性与局限性而未得出明确结论。若要全面阐明Cyanox®53的潜在生态风险，仍需开展进一步的调查研究。