红树林快速恢复与重建技术研究

互花米草入侵的控制是国际性难题，造林成活率低一直是红树林恢复的限制因子，针对这些难题，依托国家科技支撑计划（3项）、国家自然科学基金项目（2项）、国家林业局“948”引进项目（1项）、广东省科技厅项目（2项），我院热林所、广东珠海淇澳-担杆岛省级自然保护区管理处、广西林科院、广东林科院、海南东寨港自然保护区管理局、海南林科所、电白县红树林保护区管理总站的廖宝文、李玫、陈玉军、管伟、杨雄邦、田广红、何雪香、刘秀、钟才荣、刘文辉等，历时12年，联合完成了“红树林快速恢复与重建技术研究”项目。 本项目利用速生无瓣海桑实现了大面积人工红树林的恢复与重建，在国内外首次开展速生红树林植物生态控制互花米草并快速恢复红树林的技术研究，阐明了互花米草生态控制机理 在国内外首次成功研发出适用于滩涂育苗的红树林微胶囊促生菌剂 系统研究了滩涂后缘主要半红树植物的育苗造林技术 创建了红树林消浪效应的定量评价指标体系，提出了消浪红树林带的林分结构标准 筛选出秋茄、桐花树等4种耐寒适生红树植物，采用混交方式种植于寒害致死的红树林迹地 出版论著2部，发表论文85篇，获国家发明专利2项，颁布标准2个，在华南沿海建立试验示范林1800亩，推广造林4.8万亩，生态、经济、社会效益显著。 红树林具有独特的生态、社会和经济价值，尤其在固岸护堤、近海渔业、维持生物多样性、净化环境等方面效益显著。据效益分析报告，红树林每年可产生直接和间接经济效益1.49万元/亩。该项目成果辐射推广的4.8万亩红树林每年创造直接或间接效益7.42亿元，近6年累计产值44.5亿元。项目主要红树林恢复基地-淇澳岛于2005年晋升省级自然保护区，红树林面积由1998年32公顷增至2011年678公顷，使珠海市森林覆盖率提高1.5%，2008年被国家林业局确定为“全国红树林人工造林示范基地”和“互花米草生态治理示范基地”，2011年评为“珠三角十大特色景观”。

Controlling the invasion of Spartina alterniflora is an international challenge. The low survival rate of afforestation has long been a limiting factor for mangrove forest restoration. To address these issues, supported by 3 National Key Technology R&D Program projects, 2 projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, 1 State Forestry Administration "948" Import Project, and 2 projects of the Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology, a research team composed of researchers from the Research Institute of Tropical Forestry of the Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangdong Zhuhai Qi'ao-Dangan Provincial Nature Reserve Administration, Guangxi Academy of Forestry, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Hainan Dongzhaigang National Nature Reserve Administration, Hainan Forestry Research Institute, and Dianbai County Mangrove Reserve Administration Station—including Liao Baowen, Li Mei, Chen Yujun, Guan Wei, Yang Xiongbang, Tian Guanghong, He Xuexiang, Liu Xiu, Zhong Cairong, Liu Wenhui and others—completed the project "Research on Rapid Restoration and Reconstruction Technologies for Mangrove Forests" through 12 years of joint efforts.
This project realized large-scale restoration and reconstruction of artificial mangrove forests using fast-growing Sonneratia apetala. It was the first study globally to conduct research on technologies for ecologically controlling Spartina alterniflora with fast-growing mangrove plants and rapidly restoring mangrove forests, and clarified the ecological control mechanism of Spartina alterniflora. For the first time at home and abroad, it successfully developed microencapsulated growth-promoting bacterial agents suitable for mangrove seedling cultivation in tidal flats. The project systematically studied the seedling cultivation and afforestation technologies of major semi-mangrove plants in the backshore of tidal flats, established a quantitative evaluation index system for the wave-dissipating effect of mangroves, and proposed stand structure standards for wave-dissipating mangrove belts. It screened 4 cold-tolerant and adaptable mangrove species including Kandelia obovata and Aegiceras corniculatum, and adopted mixed planting modes in mangrove stands killed by cold damage. The project has published 2 monographs and 85 academic papers, obtained 2 national invention patents, and issued 2 industry standards. It has established 1,800 mu of experimental and demonstration forests along the southern China coast, and promoted afforestation over 48,000 mu, with remarkable ecological, economic and social benefits.
Mangrove forests possess unique ecological, social and economic values, particularly in shoreline stabilization and embankment protection, offshore fisheries, biodiversity conservation and environmental purification. According to the benefit analysis report, mangrove forests can generate direct and indirect economic benefits of 14,900 RMB per mu annually. The 48,000 mu of mangrove forests promoted via this project creates direct or indirect benefits of 742 million RMB per year, with a cumulative output value of 4.45 billion RMB in the past 6 years. The primary mangrove restoration base of the project, Qi'ao Island, was promoted to a provincial-level nature reserve in 2005. The area of mangrove forests increased from 32 hectares in 1998 to 678 hectares in 2011, which raised the forest coverage rate of Zhuhai City by 1.5%. In 2008, it was designated as "National Mangrove Afforestation Demonstration Base" and "National Spartina alterniflora Ecological Control Demonstration Base" by the State Forestry Administration, and was rated as one of the "Top Ten Featured Landscapes of the Pearl River Delta" in 2011.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集总结了红树林快速恢复与重建技术的研究成果，包括利用速生无瓣海桑实现大面积人工红树林恢复、生态控制互花米草技术、微胶囊促生菌剂研发等关键技术突破。项目在华南沿海推广造林4.8万亩，年经济效益达7.42亿元，显著提升了红树林的生态和社会价值。