Wind Regime in Serra do Mar Ridge - Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Abstract The objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship of wind regime in the meteorological stations of Duque de Caxias (A603) and Petrópolis (A610) located at the base and at the top of Serra do Mar ridge - Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. WRPLOT was used in the elaboration of wind roses and histograms. Wind persistence was calculated and the wind direction boxplot was done vs. the number of rainy days (NRD) in both seasons. In general, the sequence test indicates that the annual and monthly wind series are random and are within the normal range. The predominance of SSE (36.22%) winds was identified in A603, followed by SE (24.98%) and S (18.71%) winds, with wind intensity ranging mainly between light air (8,80%) e light breeze (3,90%) wind regimes. The wind predominance on A610 station was WSW (21.57%), NW (17.53%), WNW (10.81%) and NNW (7.66%), with variable wind speed classes and no calm winds. The correlation between the cardinal directions at each station with the NRD showed that the station A603 registered the directions SSE, S and SE, due to the barrier effect generated by the S/SW face (windward) of Serra do Mar ridge, while the A610 station recorded associated rainfall with wind directions NW, WNW and WSW.

摘要
本研究旨在评估位于巴西里约热内卢州马尔山脉（Serra do Mar ridge）山脚与山顶的杜凯德卡克夏斯（Duque de Caxias，编号A603）与彼得罗波利斯（Petrópolis，编号A610）气象站的风况关联关系。本研究采用WRPLOT软件绘制风玫瑰图（wind roses）与风速直方图，计算了风持续度，并针对两个季节分别开展了风向与雨日数（Number of Rainy Days, NRD）的箱线图分析。
总体而言，序列检验结果表明，年度与月度风速序列均为随机序列，且处于正常波动区间。A603站以东南偏南（SSE）风为主导，占比达36.22%，其次为东南（SE）风（24.98%）与南（S）风（18.71%），风速主要集中于软风（8.80%）与轻风（3.90%）风况等级。
A610站的主导风向为西南偏西（WSW，21.57%）、西北（NW，17.53%）、西北偏西（WNW，10.81%）与西北偏北（NNW，7.66%），风速等级存在显著差异且无静风现象。
对各气象站主导风向与雨日数的相关性分析显示，A603站的东南偏南、南与东南风向与雨日数相关联，这归因于马尔山脉南/西南迎风坡产生的屏障效应；而A610站的降雨则与西北、西北偏西及西南偏西风向存在关联。