DataSheet1_Estimating the Water Budget of the Upper Blue Nile River Basin With Water and Energy Processes (WEP) Model.docx

Understanding the spatial and temporal distributions and variations of basin water budget components is essential for effective water resources management. Due to a lack of basic hydro-meteorological information, the Upper Blue Nile River Basin (UBNRB) remains poorly understood in quantifying its hydrologic fluxes and associated dynamics. This study used a physically based distributed hydrologic model, WEP. We used multi-year land use information to better estimate the water budget components (evapotranspiration, runoff and storage) of the UBNRB. WEP simulation was validated at two main sections of the Upper Blue Nile river monthly from 1992 to 2014 (23 years). Results show that the basin stores a significant amount of water during the long rainy season (June to September) due to higher precipitation and limited evapotranspiration. However, it loses this storage through evapotranspiration during the dry season (October to February). The overall basin precipitation is 1,051 mm per year. Evapotranspiration accounts for 58% of the annual water budget, runoff is 25% and storage is 18%. The findings reported in this study can shed some light on understanding the UBNRB water budget dynamics and inform water management practitioners.

明晰流域水量平衡各组分的时空分布与变化特征，对开展高效水资源管理至关重要。由于基础水文气象资料匮乏，青尼罗河上游流域（Upper Blue Nile River Basin, UBNRB）的水文通量与相关动力学过程的量化认知仍较为薄弱。本研究采用基于物理机制的分布式水文模型WEP，并结合多年土地利用数据，以更精准地估算青尼罗河上游流域的水量平衡各组分（蒸散发、径流与蓄水量）。本研究于1992年至2014年（共计23年）期间，针对青尼罗河上游的两个主要断面，对WEP模型的模拟结果进行了逐月验证。结果表明，由于降水量充沛且蒸散发强度较低，该流域在长雨季（6月至9月）会蓄积大量水资源；而在旱季（10月至次年2月），流域则通过蒸散发消耗前期蓄积的水资源。该流域年均降水量为1051毫米，其中蒸散发占年度水量平衡的58%，径流占25%，蓄水量变化占18%。本研究的相关发现可为深入理解青尼罗河上游流域的水量平衡动力学机制提供参考，并可为水资源管理从业者提供决策支撑。