Beyond the alpha: Extra-pair paternities and male reproductive success in a primate multilevel society

In social mammals, dominance status and tenure length are often important determinants of male reproductive success. Nevertheless, alternative strategies, such as extra-pair mating and the active role of females in securing reproductive benefits, can substantially modify patterns of paternity. To date, many studies have had short observation periods and small sample sizes, constraining understanding of how male social status, tenure length, and female mating strategies jointly affect male long-term reproductive success, especially in species with complex social systems. Using longitudinal demographic and genetic data from a free-ranging population of a golden snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana) multilevel society in the Qinling Mountains, central China, we investigated how leader males' ranks and tenure lengths influence their reproductive success through within-unit and extra-unit paternities. We found that although high rank increases the likelihood of producing within-unit pa..., , , # Data from: Beyond the alpha: Extra-pair paternities and male reproductive success in a primate multilevel society

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.cfxpnvxht](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.cfxpnvxht)

## Description of the data and file structure

This dataset contains genetic information from microsatellite loci used to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of golden snub-nosed monkeys. The data includes genotypic information for multiple individuals across various loci. The microsatellite markers used in the study are highly polymorphic and provide valuable insights into genetic variation within and among populations.

### Files and variables

#### File: Genotypes_for_all_individuals.xlsx

**Description:** 

##### Variables

* **ID**: (String) Unique identifier for each individual sampled. M stands for male, J stands for juvenile.
* **Locus1, Locus2, ... LocusN**: (Numeric or String) Allele sizes or genotypic information at each microsatellite locus.
* Format: Typica...,

在社会性哺乳动物中，支配地位与任职时长通常是决定雄性繁殖成功率的关键因素。然而，额外配对交配以及雌性在获取繁殖收益中发挥的主动作用等替代策略，可大幅改变父系模式。迄今为止，多数研究的观测周期较短且样本量偏小，这限制了我们对雄性社会地位、任职时长与雌性交配策略如何共同影响雄性长期繁殖成功率的理解，尤其是在具有复杂社会系统的物种中。本研究依托中国中部秦岭地区川金丝猴（Rhinopithecus roxellana）多级社会自由种群的长期种群统计与遗传数据，探究了首领雄性的等级与任职时长如何通过单元内和单元外父权关系影响其繁殖成功率。研究发现，尽管高等级能够提升单元内产子的概率……

# 数据来自：《超越阿尔法：灵长类多级社会中的额外配对父权与雄性繁殖成功率》
[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.cfxpnvxht](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.cfxpnvxht)

## 数据与文件结构说明
本数据集包含用于评估川金丝猴遗传多样性与种群结构的微卫星（microsatellite）位点遗传信息。数据涵盖多个个体在多个位点的基因型信息。本研究使用的微卫星标记具有高度多态性，可为种群内部及种群间的遗传变异研究提供重要参考。

### 文件与变量
#### 文件：Genotypes_for_all_individuals.xlsx
**描述：**
##### 变量
* **ID**：（字符串型）每个采样个体的唯一标识符。其中M代表雄性，J代表幼体。
* **Locus1、Locus2、…LocusN**：（数值型或字符串型）每个微卫星位点的等位基因长度或基因型信息。
* 格式：典型……