Analysis of the epidemiological profile of patients submitted to corneal transplantation in the Espirito Santo

Abstract Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of patients submitted to corneal transplantation in state of Espirito Santo, Brazil. Methods: Transversal and descriptive study, with 1301 patients, in the period of January 2017 until to January 2018, the patients were registered in the Central Notification, Captation and Distribution of Organs of Espirito Santo (CNCDO/ES) through the National Transplant System (SNT) and submitted to corneal transplantation. The data were shown as descriptive statistics (frequencies and medians) and analysis of the data was performed using SPSS software, 23 version. Results: In relation to frequency, it was obtained 54.5% female, 57.33% from the metropolitan area of Vitória. Eighty-six percent were patients from Espirito Santo and the others 6.3% were from Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais and Bahia. The main indications for corneal transplantation were Bullous Keratopathy (25.9%), Keratoconus (16.5%) and interstitial keratitis (15.5%). The average of waiting time was 195 days and the longest was 1345 days. It was found that 1301 patients underwent corneal transplantation, they are in the 57-year age group, and the biggest part of them are from the metropolitan area of Vitória. Conclusion: The most prevalent diagnoses in patients submitted to corneal transplantation in state of Espirito Santo were Bullous Keratopathy and Keratoconus, in patients mostly female, 57 years old on average, from the metropolitan region of greater Vitória and from the state itself. The study allows to outline prevention strategies, care and social actions to raise awareness of corneal donation.摘要 研究目的：描述巴西圣埃斯皮里图州（Espirito Santo）接受角膜移植患者的流行病学特征。 研究方法：本研究为横断面描述性研究，纳入2017年1月至2018年1月期间的1301例患者，所有患者均通过国家移植系统（National Transplant System, SNT）在圣埃斯皮里图州器官中央通报、获取与分配中心（Central Notification, Captation and Distribution of Organs of Espirito Santo, CNCDO/ES）完成登记并接受角膜移植。数据以描述性统计（频数与中位数）形式呈现，采用SPSS 23.0软件进行数据分析。 研究结果：本研究共纳入1301例接受角膜移植的患者，其中女性占比54.5%，57.33%的患者来自维多利亚都会区；86%的患者为本州居民，其余6.3%的患者分别来自里约热内卢州、米纳斯吉拉斯州与巴伊亚州。角膜移植的主要适应证为大疱性角膜病变（Bullous Keratopathy, 25.9%）、圆锥角膜（Keratoconus, 16.5%）及间质性角膜炎（interstitial keratitis, 15.5%）。患者平均等待移植时间为195天，最长等待时间达1345天；患者平均年龄为57岁，其中多数来自维多利亚都会区。 研究结论：圣埃斯皮里图州接受角膜移植的患者中，最常见的诊断为大疱性角膜病变与圆锥角膜，患者多为女性，平均年龄57岁，多数来自维多利亚都会区且为本州居民。本研究可为制定角膜捐献相关的预防策略、照护方案与社会宣传行动提供依据，以提升公众对角膜捐献的认知水平。