NEUROBIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF AUTONOMIC AND PSYCHOSOMATIC DYSREGULATION IN TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA: MOLECULAR AND CENTRAL SENSITIZATION PERSPECTIVES

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a chronic neuropathic pain condition characterized by recurrent, brief episodes of severe, electric shock-like facial pain distributed along one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve. Although traditionally attributed to neurovascular compression and focal demyelination, contemporary research demonstrates that TN represents a complex disorder involving peripheral nerve injury, central sensitization, neuroinflammation, autonomic imbalance, and psychosomatic dysregulation (1,3).三叉神经痛（Trigeminal neuralgia, TN）是一种慢性神经性疼痛疾病，以沿三叉神经一条或多条分支分布的反复发作、短暂性剧烈电击样面部疼痛发作为典型特征。尽管传统观点认为其病因与神经血管压迫及局灶性脱髓鞘相关，但当代研究证实，三叉神经痛是一类涉及周围神经损伤、中枢敏化、神经炎症、自主神经功能失衡及心身调节紊乱的复杂病症（1,3）。