Punjabi translation of the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index and to evaluate its adaptation, validity and reliability

The Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (WORC) is a self-assessment tool developed by Kirkley et al. (2003) to measure disease-specific quality of life in patients with symptomatic rotator cuff disorders. t was originally developed in English and then translated in different languages to measures its usability in different cultures. The study aims to translate and culturally adapt the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (WORC) into Punjabi and assess its validity and reliability. Following Beaton’s Guidelines, the translation process included forward and backward translation by two translators, with approval from the original developer. Content validation was conducted using the Delphi method with 10 field experts having over five years of experience. Cultural adaptation involved 30 outpatient participants who provided feedback on scale clarity. Concurrent validation compared P-WORC scores with WORC and DASH, while reliability testing was performed with 51 patients to ensure consistency and accuracy.

西安大略大学肩袖指数（Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index, WORC）是由柯克利（Kirkley）等人于2003年开发的自我评估工具，用于评估伴症状肩袖疾病患者的疾病特异性生活质量。该量表最初以英文编制，后续被翻译为多种语言以适配不同文化场景下的应用。本研究旨在将西安大略大学肩袖指数（WORC）翻译并进行文化调适为旁遮普语版本，并评估其效度与信度。研究遵循比顿（Beaton）指南开展翻译流程，由两名译者分别完成正向翻译与反向翻译，并获得了原量表开发者的核准。内容效度检验采用德尔菲法，邀请10名拥有5年以上从业经验的领域专家参与。文化调适环节纳入30名门诊患者，由其对量表的清晰度反馈评价。同时效度检验通过对比旁遮普语版WORC（P-WORC）评分与原版WORC及DASH评分完成；信度测试招募51名患者参与，以确保量表的一致性与准确性。