Fetal death: obstetric, placental and fetal necroscopic factors

ABSTRACT Introduction: Fetal death is defined as the death of the product of conception, regardless of gestational age. Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the maternal (obstetrical and placental) risk factors and the necropsy findings associated with fetal death, based on data obtained from the Verification of Death Service [Serviço de Verificação de Óbito (SVO)] in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Material and method: This is an observational, cross-sectional study using secondary data. Were included the reports released between 2010 and 2015, with a diagnosis of fetal deaths at gestational age of 20 weeks or more. Results: During the period evaluated, 210 autopsies were performed. From these, 15.2% (n = 32) presented umbilical cord abnormalities, 22.4% (n = 47) placental abnormalities, 49.5%(n = 104) maternal health problem related to pregnancy, and 10% (n = 21) previous maternal disease. Among the fetal characteristics involved, it was observed that 6.7% (n = 14) presented meconium aspiration and 5.2% (n = 11) fetal malformations. In this study, 21.9%(n = 46) did not have their causa mortis defined. Discussion: The findings of this study show a statistically significant association (p摘要 引言：胎儿死亡被定义为无论胎龄如何，妊娠产物的死亡。 研究目的：本研究旨在基于巴西圣卡塔琳娜州弗洛里亚诺波利斯市死亡验证服务（Serviço de Verificação de Óbito, SVO）获取的数据，探讨与胎儿死亡相关的孕产妇（产科与胎盘）危险因素及尸检结果。 材料与方法：本研究为采用二手数据的观察性横断面研究。纳入2010年至2015年间发布的、诊断为胎龄20周及以上胎儿死亡的病例报告。 结果：评估期间共完成210例尸检。其中，15.2%（n=32）存在脐带异常，22.4%（n=47）存在胎盘异常，49.5%（n=104）存在与妊娠相关的孕产妇健康问题，10%（n=21）存在既往孕产妇疾病。在涉及的胎儿特征中，观察到6.7%（n=14）存在胎粪吸入，5.2%（n=11）存在胎儿畸形。本研究中21.9%（n=46）的病例未明确死因。 讨论：本研究结果显示存在统计学显著性关联（p