Space travel: A challenge from the point of view of ophthalmology

ABSTRACT At the end of the twentieth century, with the emergence of new technologies and new space programs, aerospace medicine gained prominence in the scientific community since studies related to changes in human physiology in space have become increasingly necessary for the maintenance of cosmonaut health. The eyes are considered one of the most sensitive structures in the body to vascular, structural and biochemical changes caused by microgravity and cosmic radiation. In this sense, this narrative review seeks to identify and explain the main morphological and functional changes that occur in the visual system as a result of space missions.

摘要
20世纪末，随着新技术与新型航天计划的涌现，航空航天医学（aerospace medicine）在科学界崭露头角——由于保障航天员健康的需求日益迫切，针对太空环境下人体生理变化的相关研究愈发受到学界重视。
眼睛被视为人体对微重力与宇宙辐射引发的血管、结构及生化变化最为敏感的组织之一。
有鉴于此，本篇叙述性综述旨在明确并阐释太空任务所导致的视觉系统主要形态学与功能学变化。