Dataset of Equatorial Plasma Bubble Impact on L-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar and GNSS over Bali and Kalimantan

The ALOS-2 satellite passed over the Indonesian region one day before the largest geomagnetic storm in May 2024, and its illuminating microwaves at ionospheric heights overlapped with a high rate of total electron content (TEC) change index associated with equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs). The TEC depletion map suggests a large-scale appearance of EPBs during this period over the Kalimantan region. To examine the impact of EPBs on synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, we conducted azimuth offset (shift) tracking to quantify ionospheric-induced distortions. This dataset provides GNSS ROTI and TEC depletion, as well as ALOS-2 azimuth shift. The ownership of the ALOS-2/PALSAR-2 data belongs to JAXA, and the data are accessible upon request. The authors thank Badan Informasi Geospasial (BIG). The station coordinates and ROTI maps are accessible via https://gatotkaca.brin.go.id/petaionosfer/ionosphericmap. Files starting with mvgavg contain 60-minute detrended TEC for a single epoch, whereas files starting with s_2024130 contain ROTI values at specific times. The 240509offset file represents azimuth offset derived from the ALOS-2 satellite on May 9th 2024, the day of our study.ALOS-2卫星在2024年5月最强地磁风暴发生前一日飞越印度尼西亚区域，其在电离层高度发射的照射微波，与赤道等离子体泡（EPBs）相关的总电子含量变化率指数（ROTI）发生了重叠。TEC损耗图显示，此时期加里曼丹区域出现了大规模的EPBs。为探究EPBs对合成孔径雷达（SAR）图像的影响，我们开展了方位向偏移（位移）跟踪，以量化电离层诱发的图像畸变。本数据集包含全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）总电子含量变化率指数（ROTI）与TEC损耗数据，以及ALOS-2方位向偏移数据。ALOS-2/PALSAR-2数据的所有权归日本宇宙航空研究开发机构（JAXA），该数据可通过申请获取。作者感谢印度尼西亚空间信息局（Badan Informasi Geospasial, BIG）。测站坐标与ROTI地图可通过https://gatotkaca.brin.go.id/petaionosfer/ionosphericmap获取。以mvgavg开头的文件包含单个历元的60分钟去趋势TEC数据，而以s_2024130开头的文件则包含特定时刻的ROTI数值。240509offset文件代表2024年5月9日本研究当日由ALOS-2卫星获取的方位向偏移数据。