Diurnal and nocturnal transcriptional profiling of hippocampal microglia from adult male mice

Microglia cells are the innate immune cells of the brain. They are increasingly studied for their role in virtually all pathological events in the central nervous system. However, no study has thus far looked at whether microglia cells undergo wake and sleep state-dependent changes in transcriptional and translational profile. Rodents are nocturnal animals, and most studies are investigating microglia cells during the rodent's sleep phase, hence during the day, for translational purposes. The aim of this study was to compare the microglial transcriptional, translational and functional profile between the wake and sleep phase. Our results provide evidence that the innate immune cells of the brain do undergo a transcriptional and translational adaptation to the wake or sleep state. diurnal and nocturnal transcriptional profiling of hippocampal microglia from adult male mice.小胶质细胞（microglia）是大脑的固有免疫细胞，其在中枢神经系统几乎所有病理事件中的作用正受到越来越多的研究关注。然而迄今为止，尚无研究探讨小胶质细胞是否会随觉醒与睡眠状态的变化，出现转录组与翻译组谱的改变。啮齿类动物属于夜行性生物，受此特性影响，多数现有相关研究均在啮齿类的睡眠阶段（即白昼时段）开展小胶质细胞相关实验，以开展翻译组相关研究。本研究旨在对比小胶质细胞在觉醒与睡眠阶段的转录组、翻译组及功能谱特征。本研究结果证实，大脑的固有免疫细胞确实会随觉醒或睡眠状态发生转录组与翻译组层面的适应性变化。本研究针对成年雄性小鼠的海马体小胶质细胞开展了昼夜节律性转录组分析。